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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nuc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник НЯЦ РК</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NNC RK Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7516</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1729-7885</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52676/1729-7885-2026-1-187-197</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nuc-1001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ СЕНСИБИЛИЗИРУЮЩИХ ОТЖИГОВ МАЛОЙ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТИ НА СКЛОННОСТЬ АУСТЕНИТНОЙ НЕРЖАВЕЮЩЕЙ СТАЛИ 12Х18Н9 К ПИТТИНГОВОЙ И МЕЖКРИСТАЛЛИТНОЙ КОРРОЗИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE EFFECT OF SHORT-DURATION SENSITIZING ANNEALING ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF 12X18H9 AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL TO PITTING AND INTERGRANULAR CORROSION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-7372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Отставнов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Otstavnov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборатория радиационного материаловедения, МНС</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The laboratoty of radiation materials science, Junior Research Fellow</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_otstavnov@inp.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2222-3163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборатория радиационного материаловедения, МНС</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The laboratoty of radiation materials science, Junior Research Fellow</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.zakharov@inp.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7444-9609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капанов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapanov </surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборатория радиационного материаловедения, инженер</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The laboratoty of radiation materials science, Engineer</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">greenlantern1122@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3900-3818</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научно-технический центр радиохимии и производства изотопов Заместитель начальника НТЦ РПИ, PhD</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deputy Head of the Scientific and Technical Centre for Radiochemistry and Isotope Production, PhD</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gurin.andrey@inp.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-9674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цай</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsay</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаборатория ионно-плазменных технологий, ВНС, д.ф.-м.н.</p><p>Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The laboratory of ion-plasma technology, Senior researcher, Doctor of phys. and math.sci.</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsvkir@inp.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">РГП «Институт ядерной физики» Агентства РК по атомной энергии<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">RSE “Institute of Nuclear Physics” of the Agency of the RK for Atomic Energy<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>187</fpage><lpage>197</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Отставнов М.А., Захаров М.А., Капанов А.С., Гурин А.Н., Цай К.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Отставнов М.А., Захаров М.А., Капанов А.С., Гурин А.Н., Цай К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Otstavnov M.A., Zakharov M.A., Kapanov  A.S., Gurin A.N., Tsay K.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/1001">https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/1001</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию изменений коррозионных свойств аустенитной нержавеющей стали 12Х18Н9 в результате провоцирующих отжигов малой длительности (1/2 часа, 1 час, 2 часа) при температурах 450, 650 и 850 ℃. Изучена склонность термообработанной стали к питтинговой коррозии в 5% растворе кристаллогидрата хлорида железа (III) FeCl3·6H2O, в рамках гравиметрического метода, и к межкристаллитной коррозии (МКК) в кипящем водном растворе серной кислоты и сернокислой меди CuSO4·5H2O, в рамках АМУ-метода. Показано, что коррозионное поведение стальных образцов в агрессивных растворах зависит от степени сенсибилизации стали в ходе провоцирующих отжигов. Различия в кинетике питтинговой коррозии и склонности к МКК для стали после отжигов при 450 ℃ и 650 ℃ связаны с характером образующихся зернограничных выделений. При 650 ℃ формируется квазинепрерывная сеть карбидов Cr23C6, приводящая к образованию протяжённых Cr- обедненных зон, что облегчает направленное развитие коррозии вдоль границ зерен, способствуя ускорению питтинговой коррозии и склонности к МКК. После отжига при 450 ℃ карбидные выделения и Cr-обедненные зоны выражены слабее, что ограничивает развитие межзеренного растворения и обеспечивает сохранение стойкости к МКК. Для образцов после отжига при 850 ℃ характерна низкая скорость питтинговой коррозии и склонность к МКК, что может быть обусловлено остаточной электрохимической неоднородностью границ зерен и наличием дискретных карбидных выделений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the study of changes in the corrosion properties of 12X18H9 austenitic stainless steel as a result of provoking annealing of short durations (1/2 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours) at temperatures of 450, 650, and 850 ℃. The susceptibility of heat-treated steel to pitting corrosion in a 5% solution of iron (III) chloride crystallohydrate FeCl3·6H2O was studied using the gravimetric method, and to intergranular corrosion (IGC) in a boiling aqueous solution of sulfuric acid and copper sulfate CuSO4·5H2O, using the AMU method. It was shown that the corrosion behavior of steel samples in aggressive solutions depends on the degree of steel sensitization during provoking annealing. Differences in the kinetics of pitting corrosion and the susceptibility to IGC for steel annealed at 450 ℃ and 650 ℃ are related to the nature of the grain-boundary precipitates formed. At 650 ℃, a quasi-continuous network of Cr23C6 carbides forms, leading to the formation of extended Cr-depleted zones. This facilitates the directed development of corrosion along grain boundaries, contributing to the acceleration of pitting corrosion and the susceptibility to IGC. After annealing at 450 ℃, carbide precipitates and Cr-depleted zones are less pronounced, limiting the development of intergranular dissolution and ensuring the retention of resistance to IGC. Samples annealed at 850 ℃ are characterized by a low rate of pitting corrosion and a tendency to IGС, which may be attributed to residual electrochemical heterogeneity of grain boundaries and the presence of discrete carbide precipitates.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аустенитные стали</kwd><kwd>отжиг</kwd><kwd>сенсибилизация</kwd><kwd>питтинговая коррозия</kwd><kwd>межкристаллитная коррозия</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>austenitic steels</kwd><kwd>annealing</kwd><kwd>sensitization</kwd><kwd>pitting corrosion</kwd><kwd>intergranular corrosion</kwd><kwd>microstructure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства Энергетики Республики Казахстан, Программа BR23891530 «Развитие комплексных научных исследований в области ядерной и радиационной физики на базе казахстанских ускорительных комплексов».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воеводин В.Н., Неклюдов И.М. 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