nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2026-2-142-150nuc-1018Research ArticleСтатьиПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПЕРЛИТА В КАЧЕСТВЕ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО СОРБЕНТА ДЛЯ ИММОБИЛИЗАЦИИ СОЛЕСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ЖРОUSE OF A PERLITE-BASED INORGANIC SORBENT FOR THE IMMOBILIZATION OF SALTCONTAINING LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTEБаклановВ. В.BaklanovV. V.

Виктор Владимирович Бакланов

Курчатов

 

Kurchatov

Baklanov@nnc.kzКоянбаевЕ. Т.KoyanbaevE. T.

Ерболат Тайтолеуович Коянбаев

Курчатов

Kurchatov

Erbol@nnc.kzМухамедоваН. М.MukhamedovaN. M.

Нурия Мейрамкановна Мухамедова

Курчатов; Семей

 

Kurchatov; Semey

bakayeva@nnc.kzМиниязовА. Ж.MiniyazovA. Zh.

Арман Жанарбекович Миниязов

Курчатов

 

Kurchatov

Miniyazov@nnc.kzСоколовИ. А.SokolovI. A.

Игорь Андреевич Соколов

Курчатов

 

Kurchatov

sokolov@nnc.kzСабыртаеваА. А.SabyrtaevaA.

Айсара Асхаткызы Сабыртаева

Курчатов

 

Kurchatov

sabyrtayeva@nnc.kzӨкенО.OkenO.

Оспан Өкен 

Курчатов

Kurchatov

Oken@nnc.kzКульбединД. С.KulbedinD. S.

Данил Сергеевич Кульбедин

Курчатов; Семей

Kurchatov; Semey

kulbedin@nnc.kzБельгибаеваД. К.BelgibaevaD. K.

Диляра Кайратовна Бельгибаева 

Курчатов; Семей

Kurchatov; Semey

belgibayeva@nnc.kzФилиал «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК«Institute of Atomic Energy» Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of KazakhstanРГП Национальный ядерный центр Республики КазахстанКазахстанNational Nuclear Center of the Republic of KazakhstanKazakhstanФилиал «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК; НАО «Шәкәрім университет»Казахстан«Institute of Atomic Energy» Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan; NJSC «Shakarim University»Kazakhstan20260908202602142150Copyright © Бакланов В.В., Коянбаев Е.Т., Мухамедова Н.М., Миниязов А.Ж., Соколов И.А., Сабыртаева А.А., Өкен О., Кульбедин Д.С., Бельгибаева Д.К., 20262026Бакланов В.В., Коянбаев Е.Т., Мухамедова Н.М., Миниязов А.Ж., Соколов И.А., Сабыртаева А.А., Өкен О., Кульбедин Д.С., Бельгибаева Д.К.Baklanov V.V., Koyanbaev E.T., Mukhamedova N.M., Miniyazov A.Z., Sokolov I.A., Sabyrtaeva A., Oken O., Kulbedin D.S., Belgibaeva D.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/1018

В данной работе представлено комплексное исследование получения твердых форм жидких радиоактивных отходов методом селективной сорбции с использованием перлита в качестве сорбента. Технологический процесс включает пропитку перлита модельным солесодержащим ЖРО, сушку для удаления избыточной влаги, прессование с формированием образцов и их последующее спекание в муфельной печи. Спекание проводилось в диапазоне температур 300–500 ºС при выдержке 60 минут. Микроструктурный анализ с применением оптической и сканирующей электронной микроскопии показал переход от высокопористой структуры к более плотной и связанной микроструктуре по мере повышения температуры спекания. С ростом температуры до 400 ºС явно проявляется уплотнение материала, но при более высоких температурах наблюдается незначительное снижение плотности. Микротвердость образцов возрастает во всем исследованном температурном диапазоне, что свидетельствует об усилении межчастичных связей и согласуется с данными микроструктурного анализа. Полученные результаты подтверждают важную роль температуры спекания в формировании структуры и механических свойств твердых форм на основе перлита и демонстрируют перспективность предлагаемого подхода для иммобилизации солесодержащих жидких радиоактивных отходов.

This study presents a comprehensive investigation of producing solid forms of liquid radioactive waste by selective sorption using perlite as a sorbent. The technological process includes impregnation of perlite with a model salt-containing liquid radioactive waste (LRW), drying to remove excess moisture, pressing with sample formation, and subsequent sintering in a muffle furnace. Sintering was carried out in the temperature range of 300–500 ºC with a holding time of 60 minutes. Microstructural analysis using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed a transition from a highly porous structure to a denser and more cohesive microstructure with increasing sintering temperature. As the temperature rises to 400 ºC, material densification becomes clearly evident; however, at higher temperatures, a slight decrease in density is observed. The microhardness of the samples increases throughout the investigated temperature range, indicating strengthening of interparticle bonds and correlating with the microstructural analysis results. The obtained findings confirm the significant role of sintering temperature in the formation of structure and mechanical properties of perlite-based solid forms and demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach for immobilization of salt-containing liquid radioactive waste.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.