nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2026-3-46-55nuc-1061Research ArticleСтатьиВЛИЯНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПРОЦЕССА HVOF НА ТРИБОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОКРЫТИЙ Al65Cu20Fe15 НА ПОДЛОЖКЕ ИЗ СТАЛИ AISI 321INFLUENCE OF HVOF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Al65Cu20Fe15 COATINGS ON AISI 321 STEEL SUBSTRATEБалтабаеваД. Э.BaltabayevaD. E.

Усть-Каменогорск

Ust-Kamenogorsk

dilnoza.baltabayeva@ayu.edu.kzКурбанбековШ.KurbanbekovSh.

Туркестан

Turkistan

sherzod.kurbanbekov@ayu.edu.kzБаятановаЛ.BayatanovaL.

Усть-Каменогорск

Ust-Kamenogorsk

lbayatanova@edu.ektu.kzCoruhА.CoruhA.coruh@sakarya.edu.trАмангельдиеваЮ.AmangeldiyevaY.

Усть-Каменогорск

Ust-Kamenogorsk

yulduz.amangeldiyeva@ayu.edu.kzВосточно-Казахстанский технический университет имени Д. СерикбаеваКазахстанD. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical UniversityKazakhstanМеждународный казахско-турецкий университет имени Ходжи Ахмеда ЯсавиКазахстанKhoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish UniversityKazakhstanУниверситет СакарьяТурцияSakarya UniversityTurkey202616102026034655Copyright © Балтабаева Д.Э., Курбанбеков Ш., Баятанова Л., Coruh А., Амангельдиева Ю., 20262026Балтабаева Д.Э., Курбанбеков Ш., Баятанова Л., Coruh А., Амангельдиева Ю.Baltabayeva D.E., Kurbanbekov S., Bayatanova L., Coruh A., Amangeldiyeva Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/1061

В настоящем исследовании систематически изучается влияние параметров высокоскоростного кислородно-топливного напыления (HVOF), с особым акцентом на давление кислорода, на микроструктуру и трибологические характеристики покрытий Al65Cu20Fe15. Покрытия наносились при двух значениях давления кислорода (3,0 и 3,5 бар), при этом остальные параметры процесса напыления оставались неизменными. Микроструктурная характеристика проводилась с использованием сканирующей электронной микроскопии (SEM) и энергодисперсионной спектроскопии (EDS), а фазовый состав анализировался для оценки доли квазикристаллических и кристаллических фаз. Трибологическое поведение оценивалось методом испытаний по схеме «шар-диск» (ball-on-disk) при скользящем трении с непрерывной регистрацией коэффициента трения. Результаты показывают, что давление кислорода сильно влияет на плотность покрытия, фазовый состав и образование трибопленок. Покрытие, нанесенное методом напыления при давлении кислорода 3,5 бар, продемонстрировало наиболее сбалансированные характеристики со стабильным коэффициентом трения 0,55–0,60 и постоянным износом, что объясняется более высокой долей квазикристаллической фазы и однородной трибопленкой. Таким образом, по результатам проведенного анализа установлено, что обработка образцов при давлении кислорода 3,5 бар является оптимальным технологическим режимом, обеспечивающим формирование более плотной микроструктуры и улучшенные трибологические характеристики покрытия.

This study systematically examines the influence of high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) spraying parameters, with particular emphasis on oxygen pressure, on the microstructure and tribological performance of Al65Cu20Fe15 coatings. The coatings were deposited at two oxygen pressures (3.0 and 3.5 bar), while all other spraying parameters remained constant. Microstructural characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and phase composition was analyzed to assess the proportion of quasi-crystalline and crystalline phases. Tribological behavior was assessed using a ball-on-disk sliding test with continuous friction coefficient recording. The results show that oxygen pressure significantly influences coating density, phase composition, and tribofilm formation. The coating deposited by spraying at an oxygen pressure of 3.5 bar demonstrated the most balanced characteristics, with a stable friction coefficient of 0.55–0.60 and consistent wear, which is explained by a higher proportion of the quasicrystalline phase and a homogeneous tribofilm. Thus, the analysis revealed that processing the samples at 3.5 bar oxygen pressure is the optimal process mode, ensuring the formation of a denser microstructure and improved tribological properties of the coating.

квазикристаллыAl-Cu-FeHVOFAISI 321трибологияXRDСЭМкоэффициент трениястальEDSquasicrystalsAl-Cu-FeHVOFAISI 321tribologyXRDSEMfriction coefficientsteelEDSБұл зерттеуді Қазақстан Республикасы Ғылым және жоғары білім министрлігінің Ғылым комитеті қаржыландырды (грант № AP26103943)ReferencesZhu L., Soto-Medina S., Cuadrado-Castillo W., Hennig R. G., Manuel M. V. New experimental studies on the phase diagram of the Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal-forming system // Materials & Design. – 2020. – Vol. 185. – P. 108186. – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108186.Zhu L., Soto-Medina S., Cuadrado-Castillo W., Hennig R. G., Manuel M. V. New experimental studies on the phase diagram of the Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystal-forming system // Materials & Design. – 2020. – Vol. 185. – P. 108186. – https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.108186.Wolf W., Koga G. Y., Schulz R., Savoie S., Kiminami C. S., Bolfarini C., Botta W. J. Wear and corrosion performance of Al-Cu-Fe-(Cr) quasicrystalline coatings produced by HVOF //journal of Thermal Spray Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 1195-1207. – https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666020-01053-2.Wolf W., Koga G. Y., Schulz R., Savoie S., Kiminami C. S., Bolfarini C., Botta W. J. Wear and corrosion performance of Al-Cu-Fe-(Cr) quasicrystalline coatings produced by HVOF //journal of Thermal Spray Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 1195-1207. – https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666020-01053-2.Рахадилов Б.К., Курбанбеков Ш.Р., Сейтов Б., Муктанова Н., Балтабаева Д.Э., Катпаева К. Теоретические исследования и решения оптимальных режимов процесса термического напыления HVOF для покрытия CR3C2-NiCr // Вестник НЯЦ РК. – 2023. – No. 4. – S. 22-31. – https://doi.org/10.52676/1729-78852023-4-22-31Rahadilov B. K., Kurbanbekov Sh. R., Seytov B., Muktanova N., Baltabayeva D. E., Katpayeva K. Spraying process for Cr3C2-NiCr coating (in Russian) // NNC RK bulletin. – 2023. – No. 4. – S. 22-31. – https://doi.org/10.52676/1729-78852023-4-22-31Рахадилов Б. К., Муктанова Н., Какимжанов Д. Н. Влияние варьирования расстояния напыления на структурно-фазовое состояние и механо-трибологические свойства покрытий на основе 86WC10CO-4CR, полученных методом HVOF // Вестник НЯЦ РК. – 2024. – No. 3. – S. 91-104. – https://doi.org/10.52676/1729-7885-2024-391-104Influence of varying the spraying distance on the structural-phase state and mechanotribological properties of 86WC-10Co-4Crbased coatings obtained by the HVOF method (in Russian) // NNC RK bulletin. – 2024. – No. 3. – S. 91-104. – https://doi.org/10.52676/1729-7885-2024-391-104Пантелеенко Ф. И., Жэн П. [Panteleenko F. I., Zhen P.] Прогрессивные технологии лазерной наплавки и газотермического напыления // литье и металлургия. – 2024. – No. 3. – S. 61-65. https://doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2024-3-61-65Progressive technologies of laser surfacing and gas-thermal spraying (in Russian) // Foundry Production and Metallurgy. – 2024. – No. 3. – S. 61-65. https://doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2024-3-61-65Dubois J. M., Belin-Ferré E. Friction and solid-solid adhesion on complex metallic alloys // Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. – 2014. – Vol. 15. – P. 034804. – https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/15/3/034804.Dubois J. M., Belin-Ferré E. Friction and solid-solid adhesion on complex metallic alloys // Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. – 2014. – Vol. 15. – P. 034804. – https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/15/3/034804.08Х18Н10Т – сталь коррозионно-стойкая жаропрочная // Марочник стали и сплавов. – [Б. г. (B. g.)].08Kh18N10T – stal’ korrozionno-stoykaya zharoprochnaya (in Russian) // Marochnik stali i splavov. – [Б. г. (B. g.)].Kumar R., Sharma S., Singh J. P. et al. Enhancement in wear-resistance of 30MNCRB5 boron steel substrate using HVOF thermal sprayed WC-10%Co-4%Cr coatings //journal of Materials Research and Technology. – 2023. – Vol. 27. – P. 1072-1096.Kumar R., Sharma S., Singh J. P. et al. Enhancement in wear-resistance of 30MNCRB5 boron steel substrate using HVOF thermal sprayed WC-10%Co-4%Cr coatings //journal of Materials Research and Technology. – 2023. – Vol. 27. – P. 1072-1096.Mishra B. B., Nautiyal H. Frictional and wear behavior of Cr₃C₂-NiCr coating on AISI-304 stainless steel // Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies. – 2022. – Vol. 8, No. 4. – P. 4007-4017. – https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2022.2036508.Mishra B. B., Nautiyal H. Frictional and wear behavior of Cr₃C₂-NiCr coating on AISI-304 stainless steel // Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies. – 2022. – Vol. 8, No. 4. – P. 4007-4017. – https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2022.2036508.Mora J., García P., Muelas R., Agüero A. Hard quasicrystalline coatings deposited by HVOF thermal spray to reduce ice accretion in aero-structures components // Coatings. – 2020. – Vol. 10, No. 3. – P. 290. – https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030290.Mora J., García P., Muelas R., Agüero A. Hard quasicrystalline coatings deposited by HVOF thermal spray to reduce ice accretion in aero-structures components // Coatings. – 2020. – Vol. 10, No. 3. – P. 290. – https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030290.Shalaeva E. V., Selyanin I. O., Smirnova E. O., Smirnov S. V., Novachek D. D. Deformation behavior and structure of the i-Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystalline alloy in the vicinity of a nanoindenter imprint // Physics of the Solid State. – 2018. – Vol. 60, No. 2. – P. 307-314. – https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783418020233.Shalaeva E. V., Selyanin I. O., Smirnova E. O., Smirnov S. V., Novachek D. D. Deformation behavior and structure of the i-Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystalline alloy in the vicinity of a nanoindenter imprint // Physics of the Solid State. – 2018. – Vol. 60, No. 2. – P. 307-314. – https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783418020233.Huttunen-Saarivirta E., Turunen E., Kallio M. Microstructural characterisation of thermally sprayed quasicrystalline Al-Co-Fe-Cr coatings //journal of Alloys and Compounds. – 2003. – Vol. 354. – P. 269-280. – https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00274-3.Huttunen-Saarivirta E., Turunen E., Kallio M. Microstructural characterisation of thermally sprayed quasicrystalline Al-Co-Fe-Cr coatings //journal of Alloys and Compounds. – 2003. – Vol. 354. – P. 269-280. – https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(03)00274-3.Wolf W., Koga G. Y., Schulz R. et al. Wear and corrosion performance of Al-Cu-Fe-(Cr) quasicrystalline coatings produced by HVOF //journal of Thermal Spray Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 1195-1207. – https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-020-01053-2.Wolf W., Koga G. Y., Schulz R. et al. Wear and corrosion performance of Al-Cu-Fe-(Cr) quasicrystalline coatings produced by HVOF //journal of Thermal Spray Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 1195-1207. – https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-020-01053-2.Murray C. ASTM G99 tip’s perspective continuous wear contact // Today’s Standards Tomorrow’s Materials. – 2013. – Vol. 9.Murray C. ASTM G99 tip’s perspective continuous wear contact // Today’s Standards Tomorrow’s Materials. – 2013. – Vol. 9.Erkisi A., Surucu G. The investigation DO3-type Fe₃M (M = Al, Ga, Si and Ge) full-Heusler alloys within first principles study // Politeknik Dergisi. – 2018. – Vol. 21, No. 4. – P. 927-936.Erkisi A., Surucu G. The investigation DO3-type Fe₃M (M = Al, Ga, Si and Ge) full-Heusler alloys within first principles study // Politeknik Dergisi. – 2018. – Vol. 21, No. 4. – P. 927-936.Pougoum F., Martinu L., Klemberg-Sapieha J. E., Savoie S., Schulz R. Wear properties of Fe₃Al-based HVOF coatings strengthened with in-situ precipitated nitride and boride particles // Surface and Coatings Technology. – 2016. – Vol. 307. – P. 109-117.Pougoum F., Martinu L., Klemberg-Sapieha J. E., Savoie S., Schulz R. Wear properties of Fe₃Al-based HVOF coatings strengthened with in-situ precipitated nitride and boride particles // Surface and Coatings Technology. – 2016. – Vol. 307. – P. 109-117.Wolf W., Koga G. Y., Schulz R., Savoie S., Kiminami C. S., Bolfarini C., Botta W. J. Wear and corrosion performance of Al-Cu-Fe-(Cr) quasicrystalline coatings produced by HVOF //journal of Thermal Spray Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 1195-1207.Wolf W., Koga G. Y., Schulz R., Savoie S., Kiminami C. S., Bolfarini C., Botta W. J. Wear and corrosion performance of Al-Cu-Fe-(Cr) quasicrystalline coatings produced by HVOF //journal of Thermal Spray Technology. – 2020. – Vol. 29. – P. 1195-1207.Babilas R., Bajorek A., Spilka M., Radoń A., Łoński W. Structure and corrosion resistance of Al-Cu-Fe alloys // Progress in Natural Science: Materials International. – 2020. – Vol. 30, No. 3. – P. 393-401.Babilas R., Bajorek A., Spilka M., Radoń A., Łoński W. Structure and corrosion resistance of Al-Cu-Fe alloys // Progress in Natural Science: Materials International. – 2020. – Vol. 30, No. 3. – P. 393-401.Mora J., García P., Muelas R., Agüero A. Hard quasicrystalline coatings deposited by HVOF thermal spray to reduce ice accretion in aero-structures components // Coatings. – 2020. – Vol. 10. – P. 1-22.Mora J., García P., Muelas R., Agüero A. Hard quasicrystalline coatings deposited by HVOF thermal spray to reduce ice accretion in aero-structures components // Coatings. – 2020. – Vol. 10. – P. 1-22.Борисова А. Л., Борисов Ю. С., Астахов Е. А. и др. [Borisova A. L., Borisov Yu. S., Astakhov E. A. i dr.] Теплозащитные свойства газотермических покрытий, содержащих квазикристаллический сплав системы Al-Cu-Fe // Автоматическая сварка. – 2012. – № 4 (708). – С. 36-41.Teplozashchitnyye svoystva gazotermicheskikh pokrytiy, soderzhashchikh kvazikristallicheskiy splav sistemy Al-Cu-Fe (in Russian) // Avtomaticheskaya svarka. – 2012. – № 4 (708). – С. 36-41.Шалаева Е. В., Прекуль А. Ф. [Shalayeva E. V., Prekul’ A. F.] Структурно-фазовые превращения в квазикристаллообразующих сплавах Al-Cu-Fe и дефекты икосаэдрической фазы [// Физика металлов и металловедение. – 2010. – Т. 109, № 4. – С. 424-433.Strukturno-fazovyye prevrashcheniya v kvazikristalloobrazuyushchikh splavakh Al-Cu-Fe i defekty ikosaedricheskoy fazy (in Russian) // Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye. – 2010. – Т. 109, № 4. – С. 424-433.Dubois J. M., Belin-Ferré E. Friction and solid-solid adhesion on complex metallic alloys // Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. – 2014. – Vol. 15. – P. 034804. – https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/15/3/034804.Dubois J. M., Belin-Ferré E. Friction and solid-solid adhesion on complex metallic alloys // Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. – 2014. – Vol. 15. – P. 034804. – https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/15/3/034804.Fleury E., Kim Y. C., Kim J. S. et al. Sliding friction and wear behavior of Al-Ni-Co-Si quasicrystalline coatings deposited by the high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying technique //journal of Materials Research. – 2002. – Vol. 17. – P. 492-501.Fleury E., Kim Y. C., Kim J. S. et al. Sliding friction and wear behavior of Al-Ni-Co-Si quasicrystalline coatings deposited by the high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying technique //journal of Materials Research. – 2002. – Vol. 17. – P. 492-501.Suárez M. A., Esquivel R., Alcántara J., Dorantes H., Chávez J. F. Effect of chemical composition on the microstructure and hardness of Al-Cu-Fe alloy // Materials Characterization. – 2011. – Vol. 62, No. 9. – P. 917-923.Suárez M. A., Esquivel R., Alcántara J., Dorantes H., Chávez J. F. Effect of chemical composition on the microstructure and hardness of Al-Cu-Fe alloy // Materials Characterization. – 2011. – Vol. 62, No. 9. – P. 917-923.Kurbanbekov S., Gaipov T., Saidakhmetov P. et al. Microstructure, phase components, and tribological properties of Al65Cu20Fe15 quasicrystal coatings deposited by HVOF // Lubricants. – 2025. – Vol. 13, No. 7. – P. 297.Kurbanbekov S., Gaipov T., Saidakhmetov P. et al. Microstructure, phase components, and tribological properties of Al65Cu20Fe15 quasicrystal coatings deposited by HVOF // Lubricants. – 2025. – Vol. 13, No. 7. – P. 297.Li L., Bi Q., Yang J. et al. Large-scale synthesis of Al-CuFe submicron quasicrystals // Scripta Materialia. – 2008. – Vol. 59, No. 6. – P. 587-590.Li L., Bi Q., Yang J. et al. Large-scale synthesis of Al-CuFe submicron quasicrystals // Scripta Materialia. – 2008. – Vol. 59, No. 6. – P. 587-590.Suárez M. A., Esquivel R., Alcántara J., Dorantes H., Chávez J. F. Effect of chemical composition on the microstructure and hardness of Al-Cu-Fe alloy // Materials Characterization. – 2011. – Vol. 62, No. 9. – P. 917-923.Suárez M. A., Esquivel R., Alcántara J., Dorantes H., Chávez J. F. Effect of chemical composition on the microstructure and hardness of Al-Cu-Fe alloy // Materials Characterization. – 2011. – Vol. 62, No. 9. – P. 917-923.Huttunen-Saarivirta E., Turunen E., Kallio M. Influence of Cr alloying on the microstructure of thermally sprayed quasicrystalline Al-Cu-Fe coatings // Intermetallics. – 2003. – Vol. 11, No. 9. – P. 879-891.Huttunen-Saarivirta E., Turunen E., Kallio M. Influence of Cr alloying on the microstructure of thermally sprayed quasicrystalline Al-Cu-Fe coatings // Intermetallics. – 2003. – Vol. 11, No. 9. – P. 879-891.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.