nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2026-2-220-230nuc-1062Research ArticleСтатьиВЛИЯНИЕ ВЛАЖНОСТИ И УСЛОВИЙ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ФОТОКАТАЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ОЧИСТКИ ВОЗДУХА. КРАТКИЙ АНАЛИЗINFLUENCE OF HUMIDITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOTOCATALYTIC AIR PURIFICATION. A BRIEF ANALYSIShttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-6352-0908ИдрисоваТ. К.IdrisovaT. K.

Тунык Идрисова – научный сотрудник 

Алматы

Almaty

zhamauovatk@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7428-8279АлиакбароваА. А.AliakbarovaA. A.

Әдемау Алиакбарова – младший научный сотрудник

Алматы

Almaty

ademau@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4577-6510БакрановН. Б.BakranovN. B.

Нурлан Болатович Бакранов – PhD, заведующий лабораторией, главный научный сотрудник 

Алматы

Almaty

bakranov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-0627АбдылдаеваН. Е.AbdyldaevaN. I.

MSc, Младший научный сотрудник

Алматы

Almaty

akhmetovanuriya@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-837XРахымбайЛ. С.RakhymbayI. S.

Лунара Саматқызы Рахымбай – PhD, старший научный сотрудник

Алматы

Almaty

lunara.rakhymbay@nu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7562-9925ЛебедевИ. А.LebedevI. A.

Игорь Александрович Лебедев – доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник

Алматы

Almaty

lebedev692007@yandex.kzХусаиновЕ. К.KhussainovYe. K.

Еркин Кадирович Хусаинов – старший научный сотрудник

Алматы

Almaty

Kusainoverk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0113-8987ШабданЕ.ShabdanE.

Еркин Шабдан – PhD, Cтарший научный сотрудник

Алматы

Almaty

nanotechkz2012@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0793-9905БакрановаД. И.BakranovaD. I.

Дина Игоревна Бакранова – PhD, Ассоциированный профессор

Алматы; Каскелен

Almaty; Kaskelen

dinabakranova@gmail.com«Research Group altAir Nanolab»КазахстанResearch Group altAir NanolabKazakhstan«Research Group altAir Nanolab»; «Институт Ядерной Физики» Агентства РК по Атомной ЭнергииКазахстанResearch Group altAir Nanolab; Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Atomic EnergyKazakhstan«Research Group altAir Nanolab»; Университет СДУ, Школа Информационных Технологий и МатематикиКазахстанResearch Group altAir Nanolab; SDU University, School of Information Technology and MathematicsKazakhstan20260908202602220230Copyright © Идрисова Т.К., Алиакбарова А.А., Бакранов Н.Б., Абдылдаева Н.Е., Рахымбай Л.С., Лебедев И.А., Хусаинов Е.К., Шабдан Е., Бакранова Д.И., 20262026Идрисова Т.К., Алиакбарова А.А., Бакранов Н.Б., Абдылдаева Н.Е., Рахымбай Л.С., Лебедев И.А., Хусаинов Е.К., Шабдан Е., Бакранова Д.И.Idrisova T.K., Aliakbarova A.A., Bakranov N.B., Abdyldaeva N.I., Rakhymbay I.S., Lebedev I.A., Khussainov Y.K., Shabdan E., Bakranova D.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/1062

Данная работа представляет собой анализ влияния окружающей среды на эффективность фотокаталитических процессов в очистке воздуха. Современные фотокаталитические системы очистки воздуха представляют собой устройства, в которых полупроводниковые материалы под действием света генерируют активные формы кислорода, способные окислять загрязнители до менее токсичных продуктов. Согласно экспериментальным данным, наблюдается значительный прогресс в разработке фотокатализаторов на основе оксидных и гетероструктурированных материалов. Тем не менее, высокая активность фотокаталитических материалов, продемонстрированная в лабораторных условиях, не всегда воспроизводима в реальных условиях окружающей среды. Основное внимание было уделено влиянию следующих факторов на кинетику фотокаталитических реакций и доступность активных поверхностных участков: относительная влажность, интенсивность солнечного излучения, температура окружающей среды и условия массопереноса. Установлено, что влияние влажности носит нелинейный характер и определяется балансом между образованием гидроксильных радикалов и конкурирующей адсорбцией молекул воды и целевых загрязнителей. Эффективность фотокаталитических процессов в реальных условиях эксплуатации определяется не только внешними параметрами окружающей среды, но и структурным дизайном самих систем. Наиболее перспективными являются интегрированные фотокаталитические структуры, такие как волокнистые мембраны и композитные материалы, обеспечивающие одновременную фильтрацию, адсорбцию и каталитическое окисление загрязняющих веществ, а также улучшенный массоперенос к активным центрам. Такая архитектура значительно повышает стабильность и воспроизводимость фотокаталитической активности в изменяющихся внешних условиях. Была проведена дополнительная оценка практической эффективности очистки воздуха с учетом образования промежуточных продуктов реакции и их потенциального воздействия на здоровье человека. Было показано, что использование фотокаталитического окисления без предварительной или сопутствующей фильтрации может приводить к образованию нежелательных побочных продуктов, тогда как комбинированные системы обеспечивают более полную очистку воздуха и снижают негативное воздействие на кардиореспираторные параметры. В целом полученные результаты указывают на необходимость перехода от материального подхода к системному проектированию фотокаталитических технологий с учетом их реальных условий эксплуатации.

This study analyzes the influence of environmental parameters on the efficiency of photocatalytic processes for air purification. Modern photocatalytic air purification systems utilize light-activated semiconductor materials to generate reactive oxygen species capable of oxidizing pollutants to less toxic products. Experimental data indicate significant progress in the development of photocatalysts based on oxide and heterostructured materials. However, the high activity of photocatalytic materials demonstrated in laboratory conditions is not always reproducible under real-world environmental conditions. The study focused on the influence relative humidity, solar radiation intensity, ambient temperature, and mass transfer conditions on the kinetics of photocatalytic reactions and the availability of active surface sites. It was found that the effect of humidity is nonlinear and is determined by the balance between the formation of hydroxyl radicals and the competing adsorption of water molecules and target pollutants. The efficiency of photocatalytic processes under real-world conditions is determined not only by external environmental parameters but also by the structural design of the systems themselves. Integrated photocatalytic structures, such as fibrous membranes and composite materials, offer the most promise. These structures provide simultaneous filtration, adsorption, and catalytic oxidation of pollutants, as well as improved mass transfer to active sites. This architecture significantly improves the stability and reproducibility of photocatalytic activity under varying environmental conditions. A further evaluation of practical efficiency was conducted, taking into account the formation of reaction intermediates and their potential impact on human health. It was shown that the use of photocatalytic oxidation without preor concomitant filtration can lead to the formation of undesirable byproducts, whereas combined systems provide more thorough air purification and reduce the negative impact on cardiorespiratory parameters. Overall, the obtained results indicate the need to move from a material-based approach to a systems-based design of photocatalytic technologies, taking into account their real-world operating conditions.

фотокатализочистка воздухагазовая фазаотносительная влажностьинтенсивность излучениягетероструктурные материалымассопереносфотокаталитическое окислениекачество воздухавоздействие на здоровье человекаphotocatalysisair purificationgas phaserelative humidityirradiation intensityheterostructured materialsmass transferphotocatalytic oxidationair qualityimpact on human healthДанное исследование было профинансировано Комитетом науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан (грант № АР23490626 «Исследование и разработка фотоэлектродов ZnO/BiVO4 и Cu2 O/ZnO для создания высокоэффективных тандемных светоуправляемых систем производства водорода»)ReferencesOchiai T., Nagai T., Hamada K., Tobe T., Aoki D., Sunada K., Ishiguro H. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.