nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2026-3-158-167nuc-1096Research ArticleСтатьиЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ МИКРОКРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКОЙ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ ИЗ ЛИГНОЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗНОГО СЫРЬЯFACTORS GOVERNING THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE DERIVED FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3012-7817НаурызоваС. З.NauryzovaS. Z.

Наурызова Сауле Зинагиевна — доктор философии (PhD) по специальности «Нефтехимия», ассоциированный профессор.

Алматы

Saule Zinagievna Nauryzova — Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Petrochemistry, Associate Professor at K.I. Satbayev Kazakh National Research Technical University.

Almaty

s.nauryzova@satbayev.universityhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-0049-2186ҚаржаубаеваА. Қ.KarzhaubayevaA. K.

Қаржаубаева Актоты Канатовна — докторант НАО «Казахский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени К. И. Сатпаева».

Алматы

Aktoty Kanatovna Karzhaubayeva — PhD student at K.I. Satbayev Kazakh NRTU.

Almaty

aktotykarzaubaeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5991-6270СагиеваН. Н.SagiyevaN. N.

Назым Нурсыдыковна Сагиева - учитель химии Назарбаев Интеллектуальной школы города Усть-Каменогорска, докторант Восточно-Казахстанского университета имени Сарсена Аманжолова.

Усть-Каменогорск

Nazym Sagiyeva — Chemistry Teacher at Nazarbayev Intellectual School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics in Ust-Kamenogorsk and a PhD student at Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University.

Oskemen

sagieva_n@ukk.nis.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1484-9737ИбраеваЖ. Е.IbraevaZh. E.

Жанар Ершатовна Ибраева - кандидат химических наук, доцент, ассоциированный профессор кафедры «Дизайн» Казахского национального педагогического университета имени Абая.

Алматы

Zhanar Yershatovna Ibrayeva — Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Design, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University.

Almaty

zhanar-ibraeva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0002-5665БатталоваА. К.BattalovaA. K.

Айнур Кумарбековна Батталова - доктор философии (PhD) по специальности «Химия».

Алматы; Усть-Каменогорск

Ainur Kumarbekovna Battalova — Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Chemistry at Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University.

Almaty; Oskemen

2012kausar@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3173-0220ШаймарданЕ.ShaymardanE.

Есбол Шаймардан - доктор философии (PhD) по специальности «Химическая технология органических веществ», научный сотрудник Научного центра композитных материалов.

Алматы

Esbol Shaimardan — Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Chemical Technology of Organic Substances and Researcher at the Scientific Center for Composite Materials.Almaty   

 

esbol_shay@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6386-4605БейсебековМ. М.BeisebekovM. A.

Мадияр Маратович Бейсебеков - доктор философии (PhD), научный сотрудник ТОО «Научный центр композитных материалов».

Алматы

Madiyar Maratovich Beisebekov — Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and Researcher at the Scientific Center for Composite Materials LLP.

Almaty

make1987@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6386-4605КабдрахмановаА. К.KabdrakhmanovaA. K.

Айнур Канатовна Кабдрахманова - доктор философии (PhD), специалист в области синтеза и исследования новых органических и полимерных материалов.

Алматы; Астана

Ainur Kanatovna Kabdrakhmanova — Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), specializing in the synthesis and characterization of novel organic and polymeric materials.

Almaty; Astana

kabdrahmanovaajnur4@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-623XАқатанК.AkatanK.

Қыдырмолла Ақатан - доктор философии (PhD) по специальности «Химия», заведующий Национальной научной лабораторией коллективного пользования.

Усть-Каменогорск

Kydyrmolla Akatan — Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Chemistry and Head of the National Scientific Laboratory for Collective Use at Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University.

Oskemen

ahnur.hj@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-2967КабдрахмановаС. К.KabdrakhmanovaS. K.

Сана Канатбековна Кабдрахманова - кандидат технических наук, ассоциированный профессор.

Алматы

Sana Kanatbekovna Kabdrakhmanova — Candidate of Technical Sciences and Associate Professor at K.I. Satbayev Kazakh National RTU.Almaty   

 

s.kabdrakhmanova@satbayev.universityКазахский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени К.И. Сатпаева; Научный центр композиционных материаловКазахстанSatbayev University; Scientific Center of Composite MaterialsKazakhstanВосточно-Казахстанский университет имени Сәрсена АманжоловаКазахстанAmanzholov UniversityKazakhstanНаучный центр композиционных материалов; Казахский национальный педагогический университет имени АбаяКазахстанScientific Center of Composite Materials; Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical UniversityKazakhstanНаучный центр композиционных материалов; Восточно-Казахстанский университет имени Сәрсена АманжоловаКазахстанScientific Center of Composite Materials; Amanzholov UniversityKazakhstanКазахский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени К.И. Сатпаева; Научный центр композиционных материалов; ТОО «ARMA LTD»КазахстанSatbayev University; Scientific Center of Composite Materials; LLP “ARMA LTD”KazakhstanКазахский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени К.И. Сатпаева; Научный центр композиционных материалов; ТОО «SciCom»КазахстанSatbayev University; Scientific Center of Composite Materials; LLP “SciCom”KazakhstanКазахский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени К.И. СатпаеваКазахстанSatbayev UniversityKazakhstan20261610202603158167Copyright © Наурызова С.З., Қаржаубаева А.Қ., Сагиева Н.Н., Ибраева Ж.Е., Батталова А.К., Шаймардан Е., Бейсебеков М.М., Кабдрахманова А.К., Ақатан К., Кабдрахманова С.К., 20262026Наурызова С.З., Қаржаубаева А.Қ., Сагиева Н.Н., Ибраева Ж.Е., Батталова А.К., Шаймардан Е., Бейсебеков М.М., Кабдрахманова А.К., Ақатан К., Кабдрахманова С.К.Nauryzova S.Z., Karzhaubayeva A.K., Sagiyeva N.N., Ibraeva Z.E., Battalova A.K., Shaymardan E., Beisebekov M.A., Kabdrakhmanova A.K., Akatan K., Kabdrakhmanova S.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/1096

В обзоре систематизированы и обобщены современные представления о микрокристаллической целлюлозе (МКЦ) как о многофункциональном материале с высоким адаптивным потенциалом. Проведен сравнительный анализ сырьевой базы: от традиционных источников (древесина, хлопок) до альтернативных агропромышленных отходов (рисовая шелуха, багасса, солома, оболочки какао-бобов) и вторичного текстиля. Ключевой акцент сделан на установлении закономерностей в системе «структура сырья – параметры выделения – функциональные свойства МКЦ». Детально рассмотрены механизмы получения МКЦ, включая классический кислотный гидролиз, органосольвентные методы, газофазную деструкцию HCl и гидротермальные процессы. Показано, как специфика лигноцеллюлозной матрицы и условия ее обработки предопределяют степень полимеризации, индекс кристалличности, полиморфный состав и морфологию частиц, регулируя сорбционную способность и реакционную активность продукта. Особое внимание уделено стратегиям направленной химической и физической модификации – окислению, этерификации и прививочной полимеризации, расширяющим области применения МКЦ в фармацевтике – для прямого прессования, в биомедицине – для создания гидрогелей и раневых покрытий, в экологии – в качестве сорбентов, а также при создании биокомпозитов. Научная ценность работы заключается в обосновании перехода от концепции МКЦ как инертного наполнителя к ее пониманию как проектируемого функционального прекурсора с заданными эксплуатационными характеристиками.

This review systematizes and critically summarizes current knowledge of microcrystalline cellulose as a multifunctional material with considerable potential for property tailoring. Particular attention is given to the diversity of cellulose feedstocks, ranging from conventional sources such as wood and cotton to alternative agro-industrial residues, including rice husk, bagasse, straw, cocoa bean shells, and recycled textile materials. The analysis is structured around the relationship between feedstock architecture, isolation conditions, and the resulting functional properties of MCC. Major MCC production routes are examined in detail, including conventional acid hydrolysis, organosolv processing, HCl gasphase degradation, and hydrothermal treatment. The available evidence demonstrates that the characteristics of the initial lignocellulosic matrix, together with processing conditions, govern the degree of polymerization, crystallinity index, cellulose polymorphism, and particle morphology, thereby influencing the sorption behavior and chemical reactivity of the resulting material. Particular emphasis is placed on targeted chemical and physical modification strategies, including oxidation, esterification, and graft polymerization, which provide additional opportunities to tailor MCC performance. These approaches broaden its potential use in pharmaceutical formulations for direct compression, biomedical systems such as hydrogels and wound dressings, environmental sorbents, and advanced biocomposites. The scientific significance of this review lies in consolidating the transition from the conventional perception of MCC as a passive filler toward its consideration as an engineered functional precursor whose properties can be deliberately tailored for specific applications.

микрокристаллическая целлюлозаагроотходырисовая шелухалигноцеллюлозное сырьекислотный гидролизорганосольвентные методымодификация поверхностибиокомпозитыупаковочные материалыгидрогелиmicrocrystalline celluloseagricultural wasterice husklignocellulosic biomassacid hydrolysisorganosolv methodssurface modificationbiocompositespackaging materialshydrogelsАвторы выражают благодарность Комитету науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан за финансовую поддержку исследования в рамках гранта № AP26103101The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. BR24993105).ReferencesVentura-Cruz S., Tecante A. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.