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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nuc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник НЯЦ РК</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NNC RK Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7516</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1729-7885</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52676/1729-7885-2019-4-59-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nuc-198</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОБЗОР ПО ЛИНЕЙНЫМ УСКОРИТЕЛЯМ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE LINEAR ACCELERATORS REVIEW</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туленбергенов</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulenbergenov</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tulenbergenov@nnc.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миниязов</surname><given-names>А. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miniyazov</surname><given-names>A. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кайырды</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kayyrdy</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Barnaul</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Филиал «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Atomic Energy of NNC RK<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И. И. Ползунова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Polzunov Altai State Technical Universit<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туленбергенов Т.Р., Соколов И.А., Миниязов А.Ж., Кайырды Г.К., Ситников А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туленбергенов Т.Р., Соколов И.А., Миниязов А.Ж., Кайырды Г.К., Ситников А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tulenbergenov T.R., Sokolov I.A., Miniyazov A.Z., Kayyrdy G.K., Sitnikov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/198">https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/198</self-uri><abstract><p>Приведен обзор стационарных линейных симуляторов плазмы, используемых для исследования взаимодействия плазмы с поверхностью применительно к термоядерным установкам и моделирования их пристеночной плазмы. Взаимодействие плазмы с поверхностью является важной проблемой создания защитных материалов для Международного Термоядерного Экспериментального Реактора (ИТЭР). К основным, обращенным к плазме компонентам, относятся первая стенка и дивертор. Основные функции дивертора заключаются в поглощении теплового потока, выходящего из пристеночной плазмы, и отводе гелия, который является продуктом сгорания в реакции термоядерного синтеза. Отдельно рассмотрены установки относительно небольших размеров с ограниченными возможностями и крупные линейные симуляторы мощностью в несколько десятков кВт с разнообразными средствами диагностики. На современных линейных симуляторах температура и плотность генерируемой плазмы близки к плазме SOL (scrap-off layer), тем самым актуально исследование процессов, непосредственно влияющих на материалы компонентов, такие как распыление атомов поверхности и изучение эрозии, внедрение в поверхность инородных частиц или напыление, модификация рельефа поверхности, блистерообразование.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The stationary linear plasma simulators was reviewed, which are used to study the interaction between plasma and surface with regard to fusion facilities and modeling of their edge plasma. The interaction between plasma and surface is an important issue in creation of protective materials for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The first wall and divertor are the key plasma faced components. The basic functions of the divertor are a heat flux absorption released from the edge plasma and helium removal, which is a combustion product in the thermonuclear synthesis reaction. Relatively small facilities with limited capacities as well as large linear simulators with a capacity of several dozen of kW and various diagnostic tools have been considered separately. Since the modern linear installations have a temperature and density of the generated plasma close to SOL plasma (scrap-off layer), it is possible to research the processes which directly affect materials of the components. This is a modification of surface during plasma irradiation or with charged particle beams. This includes atomization of a surface and studying of erosion, penetration of foreign particles into the surface or coating, surface relief modification, blister generation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>линейные ускорители</kwd><kwd>плазма</kwd><kwd>термоядерные реакторы</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>материалы</kwd><kwd>параметры установок</kwd><kwd>дивертор</kwd><kwd>первая стенка</kwd><kwd>плазменно-пучковый разряд</kwd><kwd>мишень</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>linear accelerators</kwd><kwd>plasma</kwd><kwd>fusion reactors</kwd><kwd>interaction</kwd><kwd>materials</kwd><kwd>setup parameters</kwd><kwd>divertor</kwd><kwd>first wall</kwd><kwd>plasma-beam discharge</kwd><kwd>target</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goebel, D. M., Campbell, G., Conn, R. W. 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