<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nuc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник НЯЦ РК</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NNC RK Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7516</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1729-7885</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52676/1729-7885-2021-3-37-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nuc-398</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КАРБИДИЗАЦИИ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ВОЛЬФРАМА ПРИ ПЛАЗМЕННОМ ОБЛУЧЕНИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INVESTIGATION OF TUNGSTEN SURFACE CARBIDIZATION UNDER PLASMA IRRADIATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жанболатова</surname><given-names>Ғ Қ.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhanbolatova</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaiyrdy@nnc.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миниязов</surname><given-names>А. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miniyazov</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туленбергенов</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulenbergenov</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukina</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Филиал «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Branch “Institute of Atomic Energy” RSE NNC RK<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жанболатова Ғ.Қ., Миниязов А.Ж., Туленбергенов Т.Р., Соколов И.А., Букина О.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жанболатова Ғ.Қ., Миниязов А.Ж., Туленбергенов Т.Р., Соколов И.А., Букина О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhanbolatova G.K., Miniyazov A.Z., Tulenbergenov T.R., Sokolov I.A., Bukina O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/398">https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/398</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной работе представлены результаты исследования формирования карбидизированного слоя в различных экспериментальных условиях и выбора оптимальных параметров карбидизации поверхности вольфрама при плазменном облучении. Для исследования влияния температуры поверхности образца вольфрама и длительности плазменного облучения проводились эксперименты при температуре поверхности образца 1300 °C и 1700 °C при длительности облучения 300–2400 с. Анализ результатов исследований показал, что максимальное формирование W2C на поверхности наблюдается при температуре испытаний 1700 °C. При температуре 1300 °C фазовый состав карбидизированного слоя зависит от длительности плазменного облучения. Согласно данным литературного анализа, образование WC происходит на поверхности вольфрама, из которого атомы углерода диффундируют внутрь, вследствие чего образуется нижележащий слой W2C. С увеличением флюенса ионов в зависимости от времени облучения и температуры поверхности образца диффузия C в W ускоряется, содержание WC уменьшается, и W2C становится доминирующим карбидным соединением.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents the results of a study of the formation of a carbidized layer under various experimental conditions and the choice of optimal parameters for carbidization of a tungsten surface under plasma irradiation. To study the effect of the surface temperature of a tungsten sample and the duration of plasma irradiation, experiments were carried out at a sample surface temperature of 1300 °C and 1700 °C with an irradiation duration of 300–2400 s. Analysis of the research results showed that the maximum formation of W2C on the surface is observed at a test temperature of 1700 °C. At a temperature of 1300 °C, the phase composition of the carbidized layer depends on the duration of plasma irradiation. According to the literature analysis, the formation of WC occurs on the surface of tungsten, from which C diffuses into the particle and forms the underlying layer of W2C. With an increase in the ion fluence, depending on the irradiation time and the temperature of the sample surface, the diffusion of C into W accelerates, the WC content decreases, and W2C becomes the dominant carbide compound.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метан</kwd><kwd>карбид вольфрама</kwd><kwd>покрытие</kwd><kwd>плазменное облучение</kwd><kwd>плазма</kwd><kwd>пучково-плазменный разряд</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methane</kwd><kwd>tungsten carbide</kwd><kwd>coating</kwd><kwd>plasma irradiation</kwd><kwd>plasma</kwd><kwd>beam-plasma discharge</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Merola, F. Escourbiac, R. Raffray, P. Chappuis, T. Hirai, A. Martin. Overview and status of ITER internal components // Fusion Eng. Des. – 2014. – V. 89. – P. 890–895.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Merola, F. Escourbiac, R. Raffray, P. Chappuis, T. Hirai, A. Martin. Overview and status of ITER internal components // Fusion Eng. Des. – 2014. – V. 89. – P. 890–895.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S.E. Lee, Y. Hatano, M. Tokitani et al. Global distribution of tritium in JET with the ITER-like wall // Nuclear Materials and Energy. – 2021. – Vol. 26. – P. 100930</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S.E. Lee, Y. Hatano, M. Tokitani et al. Global distribution of tritium in JET with the ITER-like wall // Nuclear Materials and Energy. – 2021. – Vol. 26. – P. 100930</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tazhibayeva I.L. [et al.] KTM Experimental Complex Project Status // Fusion Science and Technology. – Vol. 47. – 2005. – P. 746–750.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tazhibayeva I.L. [et al.] KTM Experimental Complex Project Status // Fusion Science and Technology. – Vol. 47. – 2005. – P. 746–750.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michael B.Z., Jingguang G.C. Synthesis, characterization and surface reactivity of tungsten carbide (WC) PVD films // Surface Science. – 2014. – Vol. 569. – P. 89–98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Michael B.Z., Jingguang G.C. Synthesis, characterization and surface reactivity of tungsten carbide (WC) PVD films // Surface Science. – Vol. 569. – P. 89–98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Romanusa H., Cimallaa V., Schaefera J.A., Spieûb L., Eckec G., Pezoldtc J. Preparation of single phase tungsten carbide by annealing of sputtered tungsten-carbon layers // Thin Solid Films. – 2000. – Vol. 359. – P. 146–149.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Romanusa H., Cimallaa V., Schaefera J.A., Spieûb L., Eckec G., Pezoldtc J. Preparation of single phase tungsten carbide by annealing of sputtered tungsten-carbon layers // Thin Solid Films. – 2000. – Vol. 359. – P. 146–149.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Luthin, Ch. Linsmeier. Carbon films and carbide formation on tungsten // Surface Science. – 2000.– Vol. 454–456. – P. 78–82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Luthin, Ch. Linsmeier. Carbon films and carbide formation on tungsten // Surface Science. – 2000.– Vol. 454–456. – P. 78–82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ch. Linsmeier, J. Luthin, K. U. Klages, A. Wiltner and P. Goldstraß. Formation and Erosion of Carbon-Containing Mixed Materials on Metals // Physica Scripta. – 2004. – Vol. T111. – P. 86–91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ch. Linsmeier, J. Luthin, K. U. Klages, A. Wiltner and P. Goldstraß. Formation and Erosion of Carbon-Containing Mixed Materials on Metals // Physica Scripta. – 2004. – Vol. T111. – P. 86–91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ch. Linsmeier, M. Reinelt, K. Schmid. Surface chemistry of first wall materials – From fundamental data to modeling // Journal of Nuclear Materials. – 2011. – Vol. 415. – P. S212–S218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ch. Linsmeier, M. Reinelt, K. Schmid. Surface chemistry of first wall materials – From fundamental data to modeling // Journal of Nuclear Materials. – 2011. – Vol. 415. – P. S212–S218.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. Wang, W. Jacob. Deuterium diffusion and retention in a tungsten–carbon multilayer system // Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. – 2014. – Vol. 329.– P. 6–13</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. Wang, W. Jacob. Deuterium diffusion and retention in a tungsten–carbon multilayer system // Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. – 2014. – Vol. 329.– P. 6–13</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлов Б.А., Терентьев А.П. Курс органической химии. – Издание шестое, стереотипное. – M.: Изд-во Химия, 1967. – С. 58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlov B.A., Terent'ev A.P. Kurs organicheskoy khimii. – Izdanie shestoe, stereotipnoe. – Moscow.: Izd-vo Khimiya, 1967. – P. 58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соколов И.А., Скаков М.К., Миниязов А.Ж., Туленбергенов Т.Р. Изучение процессов образования карбидов на поверхности дивертора термоядерного реактора. – Вестник КазНАЕН. – 2019. – Вып. 1.– С. 44–49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolov I.A., Skakov M.K., Miniyazov A.Zh., Tulenbergenov T.R. Izuchenie protsessov obrazovaniya karbidov na poverkhnosti divertora termoyadernogo reaktora. – Vestnik KazNAEN. – 2019. – Issue 1.– P. 44–49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жанболатова Ғ.Қ., Бакланов В.В., Туленбергенов Т.Р., Миниязов А.Ж., Соколов И.А. Карбидизация поверхности вольфрама в пучково-плазменном разряде. – Вестник НЯЦ РК. – 2020. – Вып. 4. – С. 77–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhanbolatova Ғ.Қ., Baklanov V.V., Tulenbergenov T.R., Miniyazov A.Zh., Sokolov I.A. Karbidizatsiya poverkhnosti vol'frama v puchkovo-plazmennom razryade. – Vestnik NYaTs RK. – 2020. – Issue 4. – P. 77–81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Патент РК № 2080. Имитационный стенд с плазменнопучковой установкой / Колодешников А.А., Зуев В.А., Гановичев Д.А., Туленбергенов Т.Р. [и др.]; заявитель и патентообладатель РГП НЯЦ РК. – № 2016/0108.2; заявл. 29.02.2016; опубл. 15.03.2017, Бюл. № 5. – 3 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patent RK № 2080. Imitatsionnyy stend s plazmennopuchkovoy ustanovkoy / Kolodeshnikov A.A., Zuev V.A., Ganovichev D.A., Tulenbergenov T.R. [i dr.]; zayavitel' i patentoobladatel' RGP NYaTs RK. – No. 2016/0108.2; zayavl. 29.02.2016; opubl. 15.03.2017, Byul. No. 5. – 3 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurnaev V., Vizgalov I., Gutorov K., Tulenbergenov T., Sokolov I., Kolodeshnikov A., Ignashev V., Zuev V., Bogomolova I., Klimov N. Investigation of plasmasurface interaction at plasma beam facilities // Journal of Nuclear Materials. – 2015. – Vol. 463.–P. 228–232. – http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurnaev V., Vizgalov I., Gutorov K., Tulenbergenov T., Sokolov I., Kolodeshnikov A., Ignashev V., Zuev V., Bogomolova I., Klimov N. Investigation of plasmasurface interaction at plasma beam facilities // Journal of Nuclear Materials. – 2015. – Vol. 463.–P. 228–232. – http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.12.076.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gražulis S., Chateigner D., Downs R.T., Yokochi A.F.T., Quirós M., Lutterotti L., Manakova E., Butkus J., Moeck P. and Le Bail A. Crystallography Open Database – an open-access collection of crystal structures // J. Appl. Cryst. – 2009. – Vol. 42. – P. 726–729.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gražulis S., Chateigner D., Downs R.T., Yokochi A.F.T., Quirós M., Lutterotti L., Manakova E., Butkus J., Moeck P. and Le Bail A. Crystallography Open Database – an open-access collection of crystal structures // J. Appl. Cryst. – 2009. – Vol. 42. – P. 726–729.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
