nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2024-1-34-44nuc-615Research ArticleСтатьиЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ ПРЕСНОЙ ВОДЫ МИКРОПЛАСТИКОМ: ИСТОЧНИКИ, ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ И СТРАТЕГИИ СМЯГЧЕНИЯ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)FRESHWATER POLLUTION BY MICROPLASTICS: SOURCES, CONSEQUENCES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES (LITERATURE REVIEW)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-7660БексейтоваК.BexeitovaK.

Алматы

Almaty

bekalsu@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-2087БайменовА.BaimenovA.

Алматы

Almaty

alzhan.baimenov@nu.edu.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1200-2340ЖантикеевУ.ZhantikeevU.

Алматы

Almaty

nurlybekov_ulan@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-4136СайлауханулыЕ.SailauhanulyE.

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Almaty

s.erbolat@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3468-3578ЕсинА. В.EsinA. V.

Эскишехир

Eskişehir

bekalsu@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-2458МихаловскийС.MikhalovskyS.

Фалмер, Брайтон

Falmer, Brighton

seytkan.azat@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9705-7438АзатС.AzatS.

Алматы

Almaty

seytkan.azat@gmail.comСатбаев Университет; Казахский национальный университет имени аль-ФарабиКазахстанSatbayev University; al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanСатпаев университетКазахстанSatbayev UniversityKazakhstanКафедра химической инженерии, Инженерный факультет, Эскишехирский технический университетТурцияDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskisehir Technical UniversityTurkeyANAMAD Ltd., Сассексский инновационный центр Science Park SquareВеликобританияANAMAD Ltd, Sussex Innovation Centre Science Park SquareUnited Kingdom202428032024013444Copyright © Бексейтова К., Байменов А., Жантикеев У., Сайлауханулы Е., Есин А.В., Михаловский С., Азат С., 20242024Бексейтова К., Байменов А., Жантикеев У., Сайлауханулы Е., Есин А.В., Михаловский С., Азат С.Bexeitova K., Baimenov A., Zhantikeev U., Sailauhanuly E., Esin A.V., Mikhalovsky S., Azat S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/615

Повсеместное присутствие микропластика в пресноводных экосистемах стало серьезной экологической проблемой, имеющей далеко идущие последствия как для водной жизни, так и для благополучия человека. В этом комплексном обзоре исследуется многогранная проблема загрязнения пресной воды микропластиком, углубляясь в его разнообразные источники, механизмы переноса, воздействие на окружающую среду, методы обнаружения и стратегии смягчения последствий. Экологические воздействия загрязнения микропластиком многочисленны и разнообразны, затрагивая водные организмы, пищевые сети и биоразнообразие в целом. Кроме того, загрязнение микропластиком вызывает опасения для здоровья человека из-за потенциальных рисков, связанных с потреблением загрязненных ресурсов пресной воды.

Обзор также выделяет факторы окружающей среды, влияющие на численность и распространение микропластика в пресноводных экосистемах, такие как гидрологические условия, антропогенная деятельность и биологические взаимодействия. Рассматриваются пути транспортировки и судьба микропластика, включая седиментацию, адсорбцию и биоаккумуляцию. В заключение статьи подчеркивается острая необходимость глобальной осведомленности, исследований и скоординированных действий для решения критической проблемы загрязнения пресной воды микропластиком. 

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems has become a serious environmental problem with far-reaching consequences for both aquatic life and human well-being. This comprehensive review examines the multifaceted problem of microplastic pollution in freshwater, delving into its diverse sources, transport mechanisms, environmental impacts, detection methods, and mitigation strategies. The environmental impacts of microplastic pollution are many and varied, affecting aquatic organisms, food webs and biodiversity in general. Additionally, microplastic pollution raises human health concerns due to the potential risks associated with consuming contaminated freshwater resources.

The review also highlights environmental factors that influence the abundance and distribution of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems, such as hydrological conditions, human activities and biological interactions. The transport routes and fate of microplastics, including sedimentation, adsorption and bioaccumulation, are considered. The article concludes by highlighting the urgent need for global awareness, research and coordinated action to address the critical issue of microplastic pollution in freshwater.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.