nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2024-4-36-42nuc-705Research ArticleСтатьиОЦЕНКА ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ РЕДКОЗЕМЕЛЬНЫМИ МЕТАЛЛАМИ В СИСТЕМЕ “СНЕГОВОЙ ПОКРОВ – ПОЧВЕННЫЙ ПОКРОВ – РАСТИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ” НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ Г. ПАВЛОДАР И ПРИГОРОДАASSESSMENT OF RARE EARTH METALS POLLUTION IN THE SNOW COVER-SOIL COVERVEGETATION SYSTEM IN THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF PAVLODAR AND ITS SUBURBSФауратА. А.FauratA. A.

Павлодар

Pavlodar

Alina03.09@mail.ruАжаевГ. С.AzhayevG. S.

Павлодар

Pavlodar

Торайгыров университетКазахстанToraighyrov UniversityKazakhstan202430122024043642Copyright © Фаурат А.А., Ажаев Г.С., 20252025Фаурат А.А., Ажаев Г.С.Faurat A.A., Azhayev G.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/705

В статье представлены результаты исследования уровня загрязнения редкоземельными металлами на городских и пригородных садово-огородных участках города Павлодар. Павлодар, как индустриально развитый город, подвергается воздействию выбросов промышленных предприятий, транспорта и печного отопления, что делает его уязвимым к загрязнению редкоземельными металлами. Основное внимание уделено загрязнению лантаноидами в системе «осадки (снег) – почва – овощи»: накопление металлов в снегу, их миграция в почву и аккумуляция в растениях. Результаты показывают, что концентрации исследуемых элементов в твердой фазе снега убывают в следующем порядке (мг/кг): Ce (54,1) > La (27,9) > Nd (26,9) > Gd (5,8) > Dy (5) > Eu (1,4) > Ho (0,8) > Lu (0,3). В почвах концентрации металлов убывают в порядке (мг/кг): Ce (33,28) > La (15,41) > Nd (14,72) > Gd (3,74) > Lu (1,3) > Ho (1,01) > Eu (0,82) > Dy (0,39). Выявлено, что содержание металлов в снеге значительно превышает их концентрации в почвах, за исключением гольмия и лютеция, чьи концентрации выше в почве. Фоновые концентрации в снеговом покрове в среднем на 1,3 раза ниже городских. Металлы La и Ce имеют очень низкие значения накопления как для картофеля, так и для томата, хотя наблюдается незначительное превышение коэффициента бионакопления для картофеля. Эти данные важны для разработки мер по снижению загрязнения и охране здоровья населения.

The article studies the level of rare earth metal pollution in urban and suburban garden plots of the city of Pavlodar. The main attention is paid to lanthanide pollution in the system “precipitation (snow) – soil – vegetables”: accumulation of metals in snow, their migration to soil and accumulation in plants. Pavlodar, as an industrially developed city, is exposed to emissions from industrial enterprises, transport and stove heating, which makes it vulnerable to rare earth metal pollution. The results show that the concentrations of the investigated elements in the solid phase of snow decrease in the following order (mg/kg) Ce (54.1) > La (27.9) > Nd (26.9) > Gd (5.8) > Dy (5) > Eu (1.4) > Ho (0.8) > Lu (0.3). In soils, metal concentrations decreased in the following order (mg/kg) Ce (33.28) > La (15.41) > Nd (14.72) > Gd (3.74) > Lu (1.3) > Ho (1.01) > Eu (0.82) > Dy (0.39). It was found that the content of metals in snow significantly exceeds their concentrations in soil, except for holmium and lutetium, whose concentrations are higher in soil. Background concentrations in the snow cover are on average 1.3 times lower than urban concentrations. The metals La and Ce have very low accumulation values for both potato and tomato, although there is a slight excess of the bioaccumulation factor for potato. These data are important for the development of measures to reduce pollution and protect public health.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.