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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nuc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник НЯЦ РК</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NNC RK Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7516</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1729-7885</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52676/1729-7885-2025-1-28-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nuc-753</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ И ТЕПЛОВЫЕ МОДЕЛИ ПРОТИВ ЛЕСНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ: ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ БПЛА И ТЕЛЕМЕТРИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>OPTICAL AND THERMAL MODELS AGAINST FOREST FIRES: INTEGRATION OF UAVS AND TELEMETRY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3691-6948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молдамурат</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moldamurat</surname><given-names>Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moldamurat@yandex.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5977-8448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калманова</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmanova</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dinara_kalmanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-5444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдирашев</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdirashev</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdirashev_ok@enu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4497-1983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ануар</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anuar</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galym_rma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9832-6740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акан</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akan</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Астана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asen.suleimen002@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. Гумилева<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Молдамурат Х., Калманова Д.М., Абдирашев О.К., Ануар Г.А., Акан А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Молдамурат Х., Калманова Д.М., Абдирашев О.К., Ануар Г.А., Акан А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moldamurat K., Kalmanova D.M., Abdirashev O.K., Anuar G.A., Akan A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/753">https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/753</self-uri><abstract><p>В данной статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы лесных и степных пожаров в Республике Казахстан, их увеличение частоты, влияние на экосистемы и экономику, а также на безопасность человека. Обсуждается необходимость использования современных технологий в контроле и управлении пожарами, в том числе беспилотных летательных аппаратов (БПЛА). В компьютерном программировании математическая формула закона Стефана-Больцмана использовалась для моделирования теплового процесса как физического явления. В результате расчетов в программе Python была подтверждена зависимость теплового потока от расстояния и коэффициента дыма. В ходе исследования получены результаты расчета теплового излучения на основе методики оценки оптических и тепловых показателей для раннего предупреждения пожара. Было показано, что интеграция БПЛА и телеметрии улучшает контроль над пожарными условиями, повышает точность прогнозирования пожаров за счет оперативного получения информации в режиме реального времени. Этот подход предлагается как важный способ защиты экосистем и жизни людей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article discusses the current problems of forest and steppe fires in the Republic of Kazakhstan, their increasing frequency, impact on ecosystems and the economy, as well as on human safety. The necessity of using modern technologies in fire control and management, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), is discussed. In computer programming, the mathematical formula of the Stefan-Boltzmann law was used to model a thermal process as a physical phenomenon. As a result of calculations in the Python program, the dependence of heat flow on distance and smoke coefficient was confirmed. In the course of the study, the results of calculating thermal radiation based on the methodology for evaluating optical and thermal indicators for early fire prevention were obtained. It has been shown that the integration of UAVs and telemetry improves control over fire conditions, increases the accuracy of fire forecasting by promptly obtaining information in real time. This approach is proposed as an important way to protect ecosystems and human life.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лесные пожары</kwd><kwd>беспилотные летательные аппараты</kwd><kwd>геоинформационные системы</kwd><kwd>оптическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>тепловое моделирование</kwd><kwd>телеметрия</kwd><kwd>датчики и сенсоры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>forest fires</kwd><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicles</kwd><kwd>geoinformation systems</kwd><kwd>optical modeling</kwd><kwd>thermal modeling</kwd><kwd>telemetry</kwd><kwd>sensors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Бұл зерттеу Қазақстан Республикасы Ғылым және Жоғары Білім Министрлігінің Ғылым Комитеті тарапынан қаржыландырылды (Жоба ИРН № AP23486167). Авторлар осы мақалаға қатысты ешқандай мүдделер қақтығысы жоқ екенін мәлімдейді және зерттеу барысында көрсетілген қолдау мен ынтымақтастық үшін барлық әріптестер мен мекемелерге ризашылығын білдіреді.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. A. Smith and L. B. Jones, Дала өрттерін басқарудағы қашықтықтан зондтау: қолдану және жетістіктер // Экологиялық менеджмент журналы. – 2020. – Vol. 256. – Art. No. 109961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109961</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. A. Smith and L. B. Jones, Remote sensing for grassland fire management: applications and achievements // Journal of Environmental Management. – 2020. – Vol. 256, – Art. 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