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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nuc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник НЯЦ РК</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>NNC RK Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7516</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1729-7885</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52676/1729-7885-2025-1-104-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nuc-784</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕТОДИКА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРОЦЕССОВ СТАРЕНИЯ КОРИУМА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF CORIUM AGING PROCESSES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-7831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакланова</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baklanova</surname><given-names>Yu. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Basalai@nnc.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2564-0421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букина</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>O. S. Bukina</surname><given-names>O. S. Bukina O. S. Bukina</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p><p>Семей</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p><p>Semey</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bukina@nnc.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бакланов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baklanov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курчатов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kurchatov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Baklanov@nnc.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Филиал «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Branch “Institute of Atomic Energy” RSE NNC RK<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Филиал «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК; НАО «Университет имени Шакарима города Семей»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Branch “Institute of Atomic Energy” RSE NNC RK; NP JSC “Shakarim University, Semey”<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бакланова Ю.Ю., Букина О.С., Бакланов В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бакланова Ю.Ю., Букина О.С., Бакланов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baklanova Y.Y., O. S. Bukina O.O., Baklanov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/784">https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/784</self-uri><abstract><p>На сегодняшний день исследования кориума представляют собой один из главных вопросов в рамках повышения ядерной безопасности и является одной из задач проведения успешной процедуры устранения последствий аварии с расплавлением активной зоны на АЭС. Одной из важных задач для процедуры устранения последствий аварии на АЭС является понимание физического состояния расплава активной зоны аварийного реактора (кориума) для принятия решений по его извлечению из контаймента и дальнейшему обращению с ним. Сложность оценки структуры и свойств кориума, которые претерпевают изменения в результате охлаждения водой и длительной выдержки в контайменте или ловушке расплава (процесса «старения» кориума), заключается в его высокой радиоактивности.</p><p>Кориум включает в себя элементы активной зоны (урановое топливо, циркониевая оболочка), элементы металлических конструкций, конструкционных материалов, бетона и прочее. Известно пять случаев запроектных аварий с образованием кориума: на реакторе АЭС «Three Mile Island-2» (США, 1979 г.), на Чернобыльской АЭС (Украина, 1986 г.) и три случая формирования кориума наблюдалось при аварии на АЭС «Fukushima -1» (Япония, 2011 г.). Все эти инциденты показали актуальность как усовершенствования систем безопасности на ядерных установках, так и необходимость изучения свойств кориума для проведения работы с ним.</p><p>Ввиду высокой радиационной опасности, исследования свойств кориума проводятся на модельных образцах. Модельный кориум в филиале «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК может быть получен как в лабораторных условиях, так и на экспериментальных стендах института. Свойства кориума различны и зависят от исходного состава шихты (компонентов, моделирующих активную зону и конструкционные материалы) и условий моделирования запроектной аварии (температуры плавления, принципа охлаждения расплава, наличия остаточного энерговыделения, способа удержания расплава и т.д.).</p><p>В статье приводятся результаты анализа современных достижений в области исследования кориума, а также методические рекомендации исследования процессов старения кориума, сформированные на основании опыта зарубежных специалистов (Япония, Российская Федерация) [1–4] и собственных многолетних наработок специалистов филиала «Институт атомной энергии» РГП НЯЦ РК.</p><p>Методические рекомендации, приведенные в данной статье, могут быть использованы непосредственно для исследования процесса изменения свойств кориума в различных условиях, а также для прогнозирования процесса старения на заданный срок выдержки его в контайменте реакторной установки или подреакторной ловушке расплава. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To date, the corium research is one of the main issues in the framework of improving nuclear safety and is one of the tasks of conducting a successful procedure to eliminate the consequences of an accident with a core meltdown at the NPP. One of the important tasks for the procedure of eliminating the consequences of an accident at the NPP is to understand the physical state of the core melt of an emergency reactor (corium) in order to make decisions on its removal from the contents and further handling. The difficulty in assessing the structure and properties of the corium, which undergo the changes as a result of cooling with water and prolonged exposure in a melt content or trap (the process of corium “aging”), is in its high radioactivity.</p><p>Corium includes elements of the core (uranium fuel, zirconium cladding), elements of metal structures, structural materials, concrete, etc. There are five known cases of non-design accidents with the formation of corium: at the reactor of the Three Mile Island-2 NPP (USA, 1979), at the Chernobyl NPP (Ukraine, 1986) and three cases of corium formation were observed during the accident at the Fukushima -1 NPP (Japan, 2011). All these incidents have shown the relevance of improving safety systems at nuclear installations, as well as the need to study the properties of corium in order to work with it.</p><p>Due to the high radiation hazard, the studies of the corium properties are carried out on model samples. The model corium in the “Institute of Atomic Energy” Branch of RSE NNC RK can be obtained both under laboratory conditions and at the experimental benches of the Institute. The corium properties are different and depend on the initial composition of the charge (components modeling the core and structural materials) and the conditions for modeling an out-of-design accident (melting temperature, the principle of the melt cooling, the presence of residual power density, the method of retaining the melt, etc.).</p><p>The paper presents the results of the analysis of modern achievements in the field of corium study, as well as methodological recommendations for the study of corium aging processes based on the experience of foreign specialists (Japan, Russian Federation) [1–4] and own long-term developments of the specialists of the branch “Institute of Atomic Energy” RSE NNC RK.</p><p>The methodological recommendations given in this paper can be used directly to study the process of changing the corium properties under various conditions, as well as to predict the aging process for a given period of its exposure in the content of a reactor installation or a subreactor melt trap.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кориум</kwd><kwd>расплав</kwd><kwd>запроектная авария</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>свойства</kwd><kwd>исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>corium</kwd><kwd>melt</kwd><kwd>out-of-design accident</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>properties</kwd><kwd>studies</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства энергетики Республики Казахстан (BR24792713 «Развитие атомной энергетики в Республике Казахстан»).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J.R. 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