nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2025-1-140-147nuc-791Research ArticleСтатьиВЛИЯНИЕ ДОПИРОВАНИЯ Rh НА АКТИВНОСТЬ РЕАКЦИИ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ КИСЛОРОДА НА ПОВЕРХНОСТЯХ BaTiO3(001)EFFECT OF Rh DOPING ON THE ACTIVITY OF THE OXYGEN RELEASE REACTION ON BaTiO3(001) SURFACESАбуоваА. У.AbuovaA. U.

Астана

Astana

ТолегенУ. Ж.TolegenU. Zh.

Астана

Astana

t-ulzhan@list.ruАбуоваФ. У.AbuovaF. U.

Астана

Astana

ИнербаевТ. М.InerbaevT. M.

Астана

Astana

НуркеновС. А.NurkenovS. A.

Астана

Astana

ЗәкиеваЖ. Е.ZakiyevaZh. Ye.

Астана

Astana

КаптагайГ. А.KaptagayG. A.

Алматы

Almaty

Евразийский национальный университет им. Л.Н. ГумилеваL.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National UniversityМеждународный университет АстанаAstana International UniversityКазахский национальный женский педагогический университетKazakh National Women's Pedagogical University20250104202501140147Copyright © Абуова А.У., Толеген У.Ж., Абуова Ф.У., Инербаев Т.М., Нуркенов С.А., Зәкиева Ж.Е., Каптагай Г.А., 20252025Абуова А.У., Толеген У.Ж., Абуова Ф.У., Инербаев Т.М., Нуркенов С.А., Зәкиева Ж.Е., Каптагай Г.А.Abuova A.U., Tolegen U.Z., Abuova F.U., Inerbaev T.M., Nurkenov S.A., Zakiyeva Z.Y., Kaptagay G.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/791

Фотоиндуцированное расщепление воды с использованием фотокатализаторов в виде наночастиц является многообещающим и простым способом получения экологически чистого водорода.В настоящей работе мы исследуем потенциал модифицированного титаната бария (BaTiO3), недорогого оксида перовскита, получаемого из широко распространенных на земле прекурсоров, для разработки эффективных электрокатализаторов окисления воды, используя расчеты из первых принципов.

Было показано, что терминированная TiO2 BaTiO3(001) поверхность, является более перспективной с точки зрения ее использования в качестве катализатора. После замены Ti на Rh легирующий ион может перенять часть электронной плотности у соседних ионов кислорода. В результате во время реакции окисления воды ионы родия могут находиться в промежуточной степени окисления между 3+ и 4+. Это влияет на энергию адсорбции промежуточных продуктов реакции на поверхности катализатора, снижая величину избыточного потенциала. 

Photoinduced splitting of water using photocatalysts in the form of nanoparticles is a promising and simple way to produce environmentally friendly hydrogen. In this paper, we investigate the potential of modified barium titanate (BaTiO3), an inexpensive perovskite oxide obtained from precursors widely distributed on earth, to develop effective electrocatalysts for water oxidation using first-principles calculations.

It has been shown that the BaTiO3(001) surface terminated with TiO2 is more promising in terms of its use as a catalyst. After replacing Ti with Rh, the dopant ion can take over part of the electron density from neighboring oxygen ions. As a result, during the oxidation reaction of water, rhodium ions can be in an intermediate oxidation state between 3+ and 4+. This affects the adsorption energy of the reaction intermediates on the surface of the catalyst, reducing the excess potential.

электрокатализфотокатализтитанат барияширина запрещенной зоныперовскитэлектродные материалырасщепление водыelectrocatalysisphotocatalysisbarium titanateband gapperovskiteelectrode materialswater splittingРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан, грант AP23489103 «Разработка гибридных перовскитных наноструктур для фотогенерации водорода».ReferencesFujishima, A., & Honda, K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode // Nature. – 1972. – Vol. 238(5358). – P. 37–38.Fujishima, A., & Honda, K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode // Nature. – 1972. – Vol. 238(5358). – P. 37–38.Chen, X., & Mao, S. S. Titanium dioxide nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties, modifications, and applications // Chemical Reviews. – 2007. – Vol. 107(7). – P. 2891– 2959.Chen, X., & Mao, S. S. Titanium dioxide nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties, modifications, and applications // Chemical Reviews. – 2007. – Vol. 107(7). – P. 2891– 2959.Grätzel, M. Photoelectrochemical cells // Nature. – 2001. – Vol. 414(6861). – P. 338–344.Grätzel, M. Photoelectrochemical cells // Nature. – 2001. – Vol. 414(6861). – P. 338–344.Kudo, A., & Miseki, Y. Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting // Chemical Society Reviews. – 2009. – Vol. 38(1). – P. 253–278.Kudo, A., & Miseki, Y. Heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting // Chemical Society Reviews. – 2009. – Vol. 38(1). – P. 253–278.Singh, D. P., & Zhao, H. Ferroelectric photocatalysis: The influence of polarization on surface chemical reactions // Nano Energy. – 2018. – Vol. 53. – P. 550–561.Singh, D. P., & Zhao, H. Ferroelectric photocatalysis: The influence of polarization on surface chemical reactions // Nano Energy. – 2018. – Vol. 53. – P. 550–561.Chen, D., Cheng, Y. B., & Caruso, R. A. Surface modification of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells // Advanced Functional Materials. – 2010. – Vol. 20(2). – P. 339–345.Chen, D., Cheng, Y. B., & Caruso, R. A. Surface modification of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells // Advanced Functional Materials. – 2010. – Vol. 20(2). – P. 339–345.Lin, X., & Wang, X. BaTiO₃ nanostructures: Controlled synthesis and applications in photocatalysis // Materials Chemistry and Physics. – 2017. – Vol. 198. – P. 168–176.Lin, X., & Wang, X. BaTiO₃ nanostructures: Controlled synthesis and applications in photocatalysis // Materials Chemistry and Physics. – 2017. – Vol. 198. – P. 168–176.Zhang, Y., & Tang, Z. Advances in BaTiO₃-based photocatalysts for solar-driven water splitting // Journal of Materials Science. – 2019. – Vol. 54(12). – P. 9408–9424.Zhang, Y., & Tang, Z. Advances in BaTiO₃-based photocatalysts for solar-driven water splitting // Journal of Materials Science. – 2019. – Vol. 54(12). – P. 9408–9424.Liu, H., & Zhang, W. (2021). Interface engineering of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic performance // Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. – 2021. – Vol. 298, 120580.Liu, H., & Zhang, W. (2021). Interface engineering of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic performance // Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. – 2021. – Vol. 298, 120580.Kim, T. H., & Park, J. Enhanced charge separation in BaTiO₃ nanostructures through surface modification: A route to high-efficiency photocatalysis // Nano Energy. – 2020. – Vol. 77. – P. 105266.Kim, T. H., & Park, J. Enhanced charge separation in BaTiO₃ nanostructures through surface modification: A route to high-efficiency photocatalysis // Nano Energy. – 2020. – Vol. 77. – P. 105266.Y.M. Rangel-Hernandez, J. C. Rendón Angeles, Z. Matamoros-Veloza, Kazumichi Yanagisawa. One-step synthesis of fine SrTiO3 particles using SrSO4 ore under alkaline hydrothermal conditions // Chemical Engineering Journal. – 2009. – Vol. 155(s 1–2). – P. 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.07.024Y.M. Rangel-Hernandez, J. C. Rendón Angeles, Z. Matamoros-Veloza, Kazumichi Yanagisawa. One-step synthesis of fine SrTiO3 particles using SrSO4 ore under alkaline hydrothermal conditions // Chemical Engineering Journal. – 2009. – Vol. 155(s 1–2). – P. 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.07.024Vittorio Berbenni, Amedeo Marini, Giovanna Bruni. Effect of Mechanical Activation on the Preparation of SrTiO3 and Sr2TiO4 Ceramics from the Solid State Systems SrCO3–TiO2 // Journal of Alloys and Compounds. – 2001. – Vol. 329(s 1–2). – P. 230–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01574-2Vittorio Berbenni, Amedeo Marini, Giovanna Bruni. Effect of Mechanical Activation on the Preparation of SrTiO3 and Sr2TiO4 Ceramics from the Solid State Systems SrCO3–TiO2 // Journal of Alloys and Compounds. – 2001. – Vol. 329(s 1–2). – P. 230–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01574-2Xiaohua Liu. Haixin Bai. Liquid–solid reaction synthesis of SrTiO3 submicron-sized particles // Materials Chemistry and Physics. – 2011. – Vol. 127(s 1–2). – P. 21–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.01.056Xiaohua Liu. Haixin Bai. Liquid–solid reaction synthesis of SrTiO3 submicron-sized particles // Materials Chemistry and Physics. – 2011. – Vol. 127(s 1–2). – P. 21–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.01.056Shuang Zhi Liu. Tian Xi Wang. Li Yun Yang. Low temperature preparation of nanocrystalline SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 from alkaline earth nitrates and TiO2 nanocrystals // Powder Technology. – 2011. – Vol. 212(2). – P. 378–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.06.010Shuang Zhi Liu. Tian Xi Wang. Li Yun Yang. Low temperature preparation of nanocrystalline SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 from alkaline earth nitrates and TiO2 nanocrystals // Powder Technology. – 2011. – Vol. 212(2). – P. 378–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.06.010Tao Xian. Hwami Yang. J.-F. Dai. W.-J. Feng. Photocatalytic properties of SrTiO3 nanoparticles prepared by a polyacrylamide gel route // Materials Letters. – 2011. – Vol. 65(21). – P. 3254–3257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.07.019Tao Xian. Hwami Yang. J.-F. Dai. W.-J. Feng. Photocatalytic properties of SrTiO3 nanoparticles prepared by a polyacrylamide gel route // Materials Letters. – 2011. – Vol. 65(21). – P. 3254–3257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.07.019Qi-An Zhu. Jun-Gu Xu. S. Xiang. Zhi-Gang Tan. Preparation of SrTiO 3 nanoparticles by the combination of solid phase grinding and low temperature calcining. March 2011. Materials Letters 65(5):873-875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.07.019Qi-An Zhu. Jun-Gu Xu. S. Xiang. Zhi-Gang Tan. Preparation of SrTiO 3 nanoparticles by the combination of solid phase grinding and low temperature calcining. March 2011. Materials Letters 65(5):873-875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.07.019Thanawat Klaytae, Phiram Panthong. Preparation of nanocrystalline SrTiO3 powder by sol–gel combustion method // Ceramics International. – 2013. – Vol. 39. – P.405–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.10.103Thanawat Klaytae, Phiram Panthong. Preparation of nanocrystalline SrTiO3 powder by sol–gel combustion method // Ceramics International. – 2013. – Vol. 39. – P.405–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.10.103Kuang Q, Yang S. Template synthesis of single-crystallike porous SrTiO3 nanocube assemblies and their enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution // ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. – 2013. – Vol. 5. – P. 3683–3690.Kuang Q, Yang S. Template synthesis of single-crystallike porous SrTiO3 nanocube assemblies and their enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution // ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. – 2013. – Vol. 5. – P. 3683–3690.Xu X, Lv M, Sun X, et al. Role of surface composition upon the photocatalytic hydrogen production of Cr-doped and La/Cr-codoped SrTiO3 // J Mater Sci. – 2016. – Vol. 51. – P. 6464–6473.Xu X, Lv M, Sun X, et al. Role of surface composition upon the photocatalytic hydrogen production of Cr-doped and La/Cr-codoped SrTiO3 // J Mater Sci. – 2016. – Vol. 51. – P. 6464–6473.Ali S, Granbohm H, Ge Y, et al. Crystal structure and photocatalytic properties of titanate nanotubes prepared by chemical processing and subsequent annealing // J Mater Sci. – 2016. – Vol. 51. – P. 7322–7335.Ali S, Granbohm H, Ge Y, et al. Crystal structure and photocatalytic properties of titanate nanotubes prepared by chemical processing and subsequent annealing // J Mater Sci. – 2016. – Vol. 51. – P. 7322–7335.Nageri, M.; Kumar, V. Manganese-doped BaTiO3 nanotube arrays for enhanced visible light photocatalytic applications // Mater. Chem. Phys. – 2018. – Vol. 213. – P. 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.04.003Nageri, M.; Kumar, V. Manganese-doped BaTiO3 nanotube arrays for enhanced visible light photocatalytic applications // Mater. Chem. Phys. – 2018. – Vol. 213. – P. 400–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.04.003Demircivi, P.; Simsek, E.B. Visible-light-enhanced photoactivity of perovskite-type W-doped BaTiO3 photocatalyst for photodegradation of tetracycline // J. Alloys Compd. – 2019. – Vol. 774. – P. 795–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.09.354Demircivi, P.; Simsek, E.B. Visible-light-enhanced photoactivity of perovskite-type W-doped BaTiO3 photocatalyst for photodegradation of tetracycline // J. Alloys Compd. – 2019. – Vol. 774. – P. 795–802. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.09.354Artrith, N.; Sailuam, W.; Limpijumnong, S.; Kolpak, A.M. Reduced overpotentials for electrocatalytic water splitting over Fe- and Ni-modified BaTiO3 // Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. – 2016. – Vol. 18. – P. 29561– 29570. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CP06031E; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27748475Artrith, N.; Sailuam, W.; Limpijumnong, S.; Kolpak, A.M. Reduced overpotentials for electrocatalytic water splitting over Fe- and Ni-modified BaTiO3 // Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. – 2016. – Vol. 18. – P. 29561– 29570. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CP06031E; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27748475Xie, P.; Yang, F.; Li, R.; Ai, C.; Lin, C.; Lin, S. Improving hydrogen evolution activity of perovskite BaTiO3 with Mo doping: Experiments and firstprinciples analysis // Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. – 2019. – Vol. 44. – P. 11695–11704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.03.145Xie, P.; Yang, F.; Li, R.; Ai, C.; Lin, C.; Lin, S. Improving hydrogen evolution activity of perovskite BaTiO3 with Mo doping: Experiments and firstprinciples analysis // Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. – 2019. – Vol. 44. – P. 11695–11704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.03.145Tanwar, N.; Upadhyay, S.; Priya, R.; Pundir, S.; Sharma, P.; Pandey, O. Eu-doped BaTiO3 perovskite as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction // J. Solid State Chem. – 2023. – Vol. 317. – P. 123674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123674Tanwar, N.; Upadhyay, S.; Priya, R.; Pundir, S.; Sharma, P.; Pandey, O. Eu-doped BaTiO3 perovskite as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction // J. Solid State Chem. – 2023. – Vol. 317. – P. 123674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123674Maeda, K. Rhodium-doped barium titanate perovskite as a stable p-type semiconductor photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution under visible light // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. – 2014. – Vol. 6. – P. 2167–2173. https://doi.org/10.1021/am405293e; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24410048Maeda, K. Rhodium-doped barium titanate perovskite as a stable p-type semiconductor photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution under visible light // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. – 2014. – Vol. 6. – P. 2167–2173. https://doi.org/10.1021/am405293e; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24410048Konta, R.; Ishii, T.; Kato, H.; Kudo, A. Photocatalytic activities of noble metal ion doped SrTiO3 under visible light irradiation // J. Phys. Chem. B. – 2004. – Vol. 108. – P. 8992–8995. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp049556pKonta, R.; Ishii, T.; Kato, H.; Kudo, A. Photocatalytic activities of noble metal ion doped SrTiO3 under visible light irradiation // J. Phys. Chem. B. – 2004. – Vol. 108. – P. 8992–8995. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp049556pNishioka, S.; Maeda, K. Hydrothermal synthesis of rhodium-doped barium titanate nanocrystals for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light // RSC Adv. – 2015. – Vol. 5. – P. 100123– 100128. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA20044JNishioka, S.; Maeda, K. Hydrothermal synthesis of rhodium-doped barium titanate nanocrystals for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light // RSC Adv. – 2015. – Vol. 5. – P. 100123– 100128. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA20044JЗакиева Ж.Е., Инербаев Т.М., Абуова А.У., Абуова Ф.У., Мерали Н.А., Толеген У. Ж., Каптагай Г.А.. AbInitio расчеты родий допированной (001) поверхности ромбоэдрической фазы BaTiO3 // Вестник НЯЦ РК. – 2024. – Вып. 2. – C. 104–109.Zakiyeva Zh.Ye., Inerbaev T.M., Abuova A.U., Abuova F.U., Merali N.A., Tolegen U.Zh., Kaptagay G.A. Ab-Initio calculations of the rhodium-doped (001) surface of the rhombohedral phase BaTiO3 // NNC RK Bulletin. – 2024. – Vol. 2. – P.104–109. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52676/1729-7885-2024-2-104-109]Inerbaev T.M., Zakiyeva Zh.Ye., F.U., Abuova A.U., Nurkenov S.A., Kaptagay G.A. DFT studies of BaTiO3 // Вестник Карагандинского университета. – 2023. P. 72–78].Inerbaev T.M., Zakiyeva Zh.Ye., F.U., Abuova A.U., Nurkenov S.A., Kaptagay G.A. DFT studies of BaTiO3 // Вестник Карагандинского университета. – 2023. P. 72–78].Закиева Ж.Е., Инербаев Т.М., Абуова А.У., Абуова Ф.У., Нуркенов С.А., Каптагай Г.А., Кабдрахимова Г.Д. Влияние допирования Rh на оптическое поглощение поверхности (001) BaTiO3 // Вестник НЯЦ РК. – 2024. – Вып. 2. – С. 185–191.Zakiyeva Z.Ye., Inerbaev T.M., Abuova A.U., Abuova F.U., Nurkenov S.A., Kaptagay G.A., Kabdrakhimova G.D. Effect of Rh-doping on the optical absorption of the (001) BaTiO3 surface // NNC RK Bulletin. – 2024. – Vol. 2. – P. 185–191. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52676/1729-78852024-2-185-191]Kresse G., Joubert D. From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method // Physical Review B. ‒ 1999. ‒ Vol. 59. – No. 3. ‒ P. 1758. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1758Kresse G., Joubert D. From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method // Physical Review B. ‒ 1999. ‒ Vol. 59. – No. 3. ‒ P. 1758. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.59.1758Kresse G., Furthmüller J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set // Physical Review B. ‒ 1996. ‒ Vol. 54. – No. 16. ‒ P. 11169. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11169Kresse G., Furthmüller J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set // Physical Review B. ‒ 1996. ‒ Vol. 54. – No. 16. ‒ P. 11169. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.54.11169Blöchl P. E. Projector augmented-wave method // Physical Review B. ‒ 1994. ‒ Vol. 50. – No. 24. ‒ P. 17953. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.17953Blöchl P. E. Projector augmented-wave method // Physical Review B. ‒ 1994. ‒ Vol. 50. – No. 24. ‒ P. 17953. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.17953Perdew J. P., Burke K., Ernzerhof M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple // Physical Review Letters. ‒ 1996. ‒ Vol. 77. – No. 18. ‒ P. 3865. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865Perdew J. P., Burke K., Ernzerhof M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple // Physical Review Letters. ‒ 1996. ‒ Vol. 77. – No. 18. ‒ P. 3865. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865Mathew, K.; Sundararaman, R.; Letchworth-Weaver, K.; Arias, T.A.; Hennig, R.G. Implicit solvation model for density-functional study of nanocrystal surfaces and reaction pathways // J. Chem. Phys. – 2014. – Vol. 140. – P. 084106. https://doi.org./10.1063/1.4865107Mathew, K.; Sundararaman, R.; Letchworth-Weaver, K.; Arias, T.A.; Hennig, R.G. Implicit solvation model for density-functional study of nanocrystal surfaces and reaction pathways // J. Chem. Phys. – 2014. – Vol. 140. – P. 084106. https://doi.org./10.1063/1.4865107Bader, R.F.W. Atoms in Molecules. A Quantum Theory. – Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. – 1990.Bader, R.F.W. Atoms in Molecules. A Quantum Theory. – Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. – 1990.Mom, R.V.; Cheng, J.; Koper, M.T.M.; Sprik, M. Modeling the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Metal Oxides: The Infuence of Unrestricted DFT Calculations // J. Phys. Chem. C. – 2014. – Vol. 118. – P. 4095–4102.Mom, R.V.; Cheng, J.; Koper, M.T.M.; Sprik, M. Modeling the Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Metal Oxides: The Infuence of Unrestricted DFT Calculations // J. Phys. Chem. C. – 2014. – Vol. 118. – P. 4095–4102.Haynes, W.M. CRCHandbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd ed. – CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA. – 2012.Haynes, W.M. CRCHandbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd ed. – CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA. – 2012.Man, I.C., et al., Universality in oxygen evolution electrocatalysis on oxide surfaces // ChemCatChem. – 2011. – Vol. 3(7). – P. 1159–1165.Man, I.C., et al., Universality in oxygen evolution electrocatalysis on oxide surfaces // ChemCatChem. – 2011. – Vol. 3(7). – P. 1159–1165.García-Mota, M., et al., Importance of correlation in determining electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity on cobalt oxides // The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. – 2012. –Vol. 116(39). – P. 21077–21082.García-Mota, M., et al., Importance of correlation in determining electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity on cobalt oxides // The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. – 2012. –Vol. 116(39). – P. 21077–21082.Shi, K.; Zhang, B.; Liu, K.; Zhang, J.; Ma, G. Rhodium-Doped Barium Titanate Perovskite as a Stable p-Type Photocathode in Solar Water Splitting // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. – 2023. – Vol. 15. – P. 47754–47763. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c09635; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37769117Shi, K.; Zhang, B.; Liu, K.; Zhang, J.; Ma, G. RhodiumDoped Barium Titanate Perovskite as a Stable p-Type Photocathode in Solar Water Splitting // ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. – 2023. – Vol. 15. – P. 47754–47763. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c09635; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37769117Ng, J.W.D.; García-Melchor, M.; Bajdich, M.; Chakthranont, P.; Kirk, C.; Vojvodic, A.; Jaramillo, T.F. Gold-supported cerium-doped NiOx catalysts for water oxidation // Nat. Energy. – 2016. – Vol. 1. – P. 16053. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.53Ng, J.W.D.; García-Melchor, M.; Bajdich, M.; Chakthranont, P.; Kirk, C.; Vojvodic, A.; Jaramillo, T.F. Gold-supported cerium-doped NiOx catalysts for water oxidation // Nat. Energy. – 2016. – Vol. 1. – P. 16053. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.53

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.