nucВестник НЯЦ РКNNC RK Bulletin1729-75161729-7885Национальный ядерный центр Республики Казахстан10.52676/1729-7885-2025-4-100-106nuc-912Research ArticleСтатьиОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ОЧИСТКИ ВОДЫ В ВОДОПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ ТЭЦ-1 ГОРОДА СЕМЕЙASSESSMENT OF WATER TREATMENT QUALITY AT THE WATER TREATMENT COMPLEX OF TPP-1 IN THE CITY OF SEMEYhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8802-1559ХажидиноваА. Р.KhazhidinovaA. R.

Семей

Semey

khazhidinova1991@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-9900-4111ХажидиновА. С.KhazhidinovA. S.

Семей

Semey

khazhidinov@mail.ruЕлистратовС. Л.ElistratovS. L.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

elistratov.sl@yandex.ruНАО «Университет Шакарима»КазахстанShakarim UniversityKazakhstanЦентр ядерной медицины и онкологииКазахстанCenter of Nuclear Medicine and OncologyKazakhstanНовосибирский государственный технический университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Technical UniversityRussian Federation20250812202504100106Copyright © Хажидинова А.Р., Хажидинов А.С., Елистратов С.Л., 20252025Хажидинова А.Р., Хажидинов А.С., Елистратов С.Л.Khazhidinova A.R., Khazhidinov A.S., Elistratov S.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://journals.nnc.kz/jour/article/view/912

Обеспечение надёжной и эффективной работы теплоэнергетических установок невозможно без организации качественной водоподготовки. Особенно это актуально для объектов, использующих в качестве источника воды природные водоёмы, характеризующиеся высокой мутностью, содержанием взвешенных частиц и растворённых газов. В настоящей работе рассматривается трёхступенчатая система водоподготовки, эксплуатируемая на теплоэлектроцентрали ТЭЦ-1 города Семей. Целью исследования явилась оценка эффективности работы каждого этапа водоочистки: механической фильтрации, натрий-катионитного умягчения и термической дегазации. В ходе исследования была проведена инструментальная оценка качества воды до и после каждой стадии очистки, а также визуальный осмотр оборудования и анализ эксплуатационной документации. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о высоком уровне очистки: механические фильтры с антрацитовой загрузкой позволяют снизить мутность воды более чем на 95%, натрий-катионитные фильтры уменьшают жёсткость с 12 мг-экв/л до 0,05 мг-экв/л, а деаэратор обеспечивает снижение концентрации растворённого кислорода до уровня ≤ 0,05 мг/л. Показано, что соблюдение технологических параметров, таких как уровень загрузки, режим регенерации, интенсивность промывки, напрямую влияет на эффективность очистки и долговечность оборудования. Результаты работы подтверждают соответствие показателей очищенной воды нормативным требованиям, предъявляемым к питательной воде паровых котлов, и могут быть использованы при проектировании и модернизации систем водоподготовки на аналогичных теплоэнергетических объектах. На основании результатов измерений производилась количественная оценка эффективности работы каждого узла водоподготовительной схемы. Также полученные данные представляют практическую ценность для формирования устойчивых инженерных компетенций в области эксплуатации энергетического оборудования и водно-химических режимов.

Reliable and efficient operation of thermal power plants is impossible without high-quality water treatment. This is particularly important for facilities that use natural water sources characterized by high turbidity, suspended solids, and dissolved gases. This study examines the three-stage water treatment system used at the Semey TPP-1. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of each stage of water purification: mechanical filtration, sodium-cation softening, and thermal degassing. The study included instrumental assessment of water quality before and after each treatment stage, visual inspection of the equipment, and analysis of operational documentation. The results demonstrate a high level of purification: anthracite-loaded mechanical filters reduce turbidity by more than 95%, sodium-cation exchange units lower hardness from 12 mg-eq/L to 0.05 mg-eq/L, and the deaerator reduces dissolved oxygen concentration to ≤ 0.05 mg/L. It is shown that adherence to technological parameters – such as filter loading levels, regeneration regimes, and backwashing intensity – directly affects purification efficiency and equipment durability. The findings confirm that the quality of treated water meets regulatory requirements for boiler feedwater. Based on the measurement results, a quantitative assessment was made of the performance efficiency of each unit in the water treatment system. These results can be used in the design and modernization of water treatment systems at similar thermal power facilities and provide practical value for developing engineering competencies in operating power equipment and water-chemical regimes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.