CURRENT LEVELS OF RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATION IN WATER BODIES AT THE TELKEM TEST SITE

The paper provides data from the comprehensive studies of the levels and distribution pattern of radionuclide contamination in the ‘bottom sediments/soil-to-water-to-plants’ of water bodies at the Telkem site of the Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS). Research objects were water-filled craters Telkem-1 and Telekm-2 that resulted from excavation explosions. As part of these studies, sediments, soil, water, plants were duplicately sampled, in which the content of manmade ⁹⁰Sr, ^239+240Pu and g-emitting radionuclides were determined. As a result, a high level of radioactive contamination is currently found to persist in the ecosystem of water bodies at the Telkem site both for sediments ( ¹³⁷Cs, ²⁴¹Am, ⁹⁰Sr and ^239+240Pu) and water ( ⁹⁰Sr). Based upon findings, the distribution coefficient (K_d) for the ‘sediments-to-water’ system and the concentration ratio (CR_s-b) were calculated for the ‘sediments/soil-to-plants’ system. The distribution coefficient K_d for ⁹⁰Sr averages 10, for ^239+240Pu – 3.7·10⁵ . Plants’ capacity to accumulate from sediments and soil of aquatic ecosystems at the Telkem site, with respect to man-made radionuclides, decreases in the series C_Rs-b ⁹⁰Sr > CR_s-b ⁶⁰Co > CR_s-b ¹³⁷Cs > CRs-b ¹⁵²Eu > CR_s-b ²⁴¹Am > CR_s-b ^239+240Pu.

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