ЛИГНОЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗАЛЫҚ ШИКІЗАТТАН АЛЫНАТЫН МИКРОКРИСТАЛДЫ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗАНЫҢ ҚҰРЫЛЫМЫ МЕН ҚАСИЕТТЕРІНІҢ ҚАЛЫПТАСУ ЗАҢДЫЛЫҚТАРЫ

Бұл шолу жұмысында микрокристалды целлюлозаның бейімделу мүмкіндігі жоғары көпфункционалды материал ретіндегі қазіргі ғылыми тұжырымдары жүйеленіп, қорытындыланды. МКЦ өндіруге пайдаланылатын шикізат көздеріне салыстырмалы талдау жүргізіліп, дәстүрлі материалдармен (ағаш, мақта) қатар баламалы агроөнеркәсіптік қалдықтар (күріш қауызы, багасса, сабан, какао бұршағының қабықтары) және қайта өңделген тоқыма материалдары қарастырылды. Негізгі назар «шикізат құрылымы – бөліп алу параметрлері – МКЦ-ның функционалдық қасиеттері» арасындағы өзара байланысты анықтауға бағытталды. МКЦ алудың классикалық қышқылдық гидролиз, органосольвенттік өңдеу, HCl қатысындағы газ фазалық деструкция және гидротермиялық өңдеу сияқты негізгі тәсілдерінің механизмдері жан-жақты қарастырылды. Лигноцеллюлозалық матрицаның ерекшеліктері мен оны өңдеу жағдайлары полимерлену дәрежесіне, кристалдылық индексіне, полиморфтық құрамға және бөлшектер морфологиясына әсер етіп, нәтижесінде алынған материалдың сорбциялық қасиеттері мен реакциялық қабілетін айқындайтыны көрсетілді. МКЦ-ның қолданылу мүмкіндіктерін кеңейтетін бағытталған химиялық және физикалық модификациялау стратегияларына, соның ішінде тотықтыруға, этерификацияға және жалғанған полимерленуге ерекше назар аударылды. Мұндай тәсілдер МКЦ-ны фармацевтикада тікелей престеу үшін, биомедицинада гидрогельдер мен жара жабындарын әзірлеуде, экологиялық мақсаттағы сорбенттер және биокомпозиттер алуда қолдануға мүмкіндік береді. Шолудың ғылыми маңыздылығы МКЦ-ны инертті толтырғыш ретінде қарастыратын дәстүрлі түсініктен бас тартып, оны қасиеттері мақсатты түрде реттелетін функционалдық прекурсор ретінде қарастырудың ғылыми негіздерін жүйелеумен айқындалады.

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