Among electrochemical detection methods, square-wave anodic voltammetry (SW-ASV) is the most popular. However, this method has a number of limitations, for instance, mercury or bismuth electrodes are usually used as a working electrode, which are highly toxic substances. This article is devoted to the study of the use of track-etched membranes based on polyethylene terephthalate as a basis for electrochemical sensors. The modification of the surface of membranes was carried out by the method of photoinitiated graft polymerization of methacrylic acid. Magnetron sputtering with a mask was used to obtain electrodes on both sides of the membrane. The sensor has been tested for sensing toxic cadmium ions in a concentration range of 0.5 to 12.5 mg/L.

This work is devoted to modeling of the induction heating the corium melts pouring on in the trap. The results nonstationary thermophysical calculation of the temperature field of the corium and refractory blocks of the melt trap are presented in the article. In the process of work, 2D model of the selected the melt trap area was created in the program ANSYS and the thermophysical model was validated by comparison the calculated and experimental data of the experiment.

The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the decomposition of an inorganic wastewater pollutant such as potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) (PHCF) in the presence of composite catalysts based on polymer track membranes (TeMs) and copper nanoparticles (NPs) was studied. Composite catalysts were prepared by electroless template synthesis using a nontoxic reducing agent - ascorbic acid. A systematic study of the process of electroless plating of copper NPs was carried out depending on pH, deposition time, and the number of activations of the polymer template. The structure of the porous composite catalysts was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry. The catalytic properties of the obtained composites were examined in the temperature range of 10-25 °C for a series of samples synthesized with different deposition times. It was shown that the kinetics of the decomposition reaction of PHCF corresponds to the pseudo first-order reaction. Such thermodynamic characteristics as energy, entropy and enthalpy of activation are calculated. The stability of the properties of catalysts has been studied.

The dynamic characteristics of neutron emission and anisotropy depending on the gas pressure in a thermonuclear installation of a plasma focus were studied. Two plastic scintillation photoelectron multipliers and two activation detectors were used for diagnostic measurements. Experimental results showed that the values of neutron emission fluctuate in the range 5,5 10⁶-5,11 10⁷ n/imp also were explained two mechanisms of neutron production and anisotropy in the optimal pressure range.

The paper provides results of assessed remediation efficiency in a radioactively contaminated territory by ploughing soil. Efficiency assessment of three soil cultivation technologies was made. Research has shown efficiency in ploughing soil in terms of reduced surface contamination of the territory. EDR levels and levels of β-particle flux density after reploughing of research spots, on the average, have been reduced by 56% and 87% respectively. Radionuclide transfer from the topsoil to underlying horizons can be observed. Maximum activity concentrations at some research spots can be found in soil layers of 20-25 cm. A change in the soil texture is found at remediated spots and in humus content which may point to both deflationary processes and moving silt fractions and humus into the soil depth under gravity and affected by precipitation. The paper also considers the issue of radionuclide carry-away by plants onto the soil daylight surface and the impact by the type of plant root system on this process; an assessment is given to the effect by remediation technologies selected on the process of remediated spots overgrowing with vegetation. On the whole, it is found that soil ploughing to a depth of 30 cm is the most preferable technology with a backset of 180° followed by sowing with steppe vegetation.

This article describes the preparation and conduct of experiments on atmospheric gas release from graphite elements (tiles) of the KTM tokamak during their heating to a temperature of 450-480 °С. The paper describes the design of the experimental device used for thermal desorption experiments with graphite tiles of the KTM. The method of conducting thermal desorption experiments is described. The time dependence of gas release from graphite tiles during their annealing at linear heating at a rate of 3.5 °C/min to a temperature of 450-480 °C in the constant pumping mode with a high-vacuum pump are given. A brief analysis of experimental data is presented. Recommendations on the technology of preparing graphite tiles before their mounting in the vacuum chamber of the KTM tokamak are proposed.

The paper provides results of quantitative assessment of ³H incorporation by Helianthus Annuus in case of intake through the roots in vitro. It was found, that in case of chronic ³H intake through the roots, R factor value for Helianthus Annuus during vegetation period ranges between 0.11 and 0.27 with the average of 0.21. The rate of generation of triturated organic matter ranges between 0.08 and 0.044% per hour, with the maximum value reached at the leaf formation stage. Translocation index for Helianthus Annuus in case of intake of ³H through the roots is 65%, that is almost 2.5 times higher than for aerial uptake of the radionuclide. Values of ³H distribution among the organs of Helianthus Annuus when continuously received through the roots decreases for tissue free water tritium (TFWT) in the range “roots > flowers > stalks > leafs”, while for organically bound tritium (OBT) these decrease in the range “flowers > stalks > leafs > roots”. When Helianthus Annuus absorbs ³H through the roots TFWT activity values correlate well with activity of the radionuclide in water, absorbed by the roots (г = 0.89). Regularities found in distribution of ³H among the organs of Helianthus Annuus and R values are of practical importance for biomonitoring of contamination of environmental objects with tritium.

The RSE NNC RK branch “Institute of Atomic Energy” has been conducted investigations in the field of nuclear power safety since the late 1982. These investigations have recently resulted in accumulation of a vast amount of experimental data widely applied in creation, verification and validation of calculation codes intended to analyze behavior of nuclear reactors under transient and emergency modes including analysis of reactor conditions in the course of propagation of severe accident with fuel melting. However, a positive effect of application these data has drastically dropped because there is no systematic approach for solution such problems like collection, processing and storing of experimental results along with planning and conducting of the experiments to receive the data that are missed but required for complete understanding of severe accident propagation. In this connection it is obviously that data integration as information-analytical system (IAS) will make it possible to create multifunctional tool for data storing, processing and analysis as well as to get the data much more applicable useful.

This paper provides a review of developed software capabilities (hereinafter Bioscheme software) as well as a calculation procedure for the internal exposure dose the case of the biokinetic model from an ICRP publication No. 78. Compared to the available software applied by the branch IRSE NNC RK, Bioscheme software allows solution to not only conventional tasks but also simulation and automatic derivation of a function of the intake, accumulation, and decorporation of radionuclides in non-ordinary cases.

The article discusses the experience of foreign countries in the management of radioactive waste of low and medium activity. The main emphasis is placed on the construction and technical solutions of operated near-surface storage / disposal sites. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the optimal location for near-surface storage facilities are operating radiation hazardous facilities.

Supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, gas sensors, and electrochromic devices are expected to play a major role in the development of sustainable technologies. Recent progress has demonstrated that nanostructured nickel oxides are very promising candidates for efficient energy conversion and storage systems. Recently, there is a growing interest in nickel oxide nanoparticles due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this work, the synthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles is primarily categorized with the preparation method. This review also provides a comparative overview of the influence of technological conditions on the properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles.

In this paper, a low activation of ferritic-austentic steel was studied when it was exposed with plasma. The experiment was carried out on a plasma focus device with energy of 1.9 kJ, with a pressure of 2.5 torr of deuterium. AFM analysis shows that cracks up to 2 microns and holes from 81 to 281 nm are found on steel surfaces. The mechanism of the occurrence of erosion of low-activation ferritic-austentic steel is also indicated. It is established that the mechanism of erosion depends on the momentum.