ЖОҒАРЫ ЭНТРОПИЯЛЫҚ ҚОРЫТПАЛАР ТҰЖЫРЫМДАМАСЫНА ШОЛУ

Мақалада жоғары энтропиялық қорытпаларды зерттеу нәтижелеріне шолу жасалады, олардың пайда болу принциптерін, жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалардың негізгі түсініктері мен қасиеттерін сипаттайды. Энтропиялық қорытпалардың қолданыстағы санаттары келтірілген. Жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалардың пайда болуынан туындайтын әсерлер сипатталған: жоғары энтропия, тордың бұрмалануы, баяу диффузия және араластыру әсері. Көп компонентті қорытпаларға арналған дәстүрлі термодинамикалық көріністер толықтыруды қажет етеді. Сондай-ақ, жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалардың фазалық құрамын болжау үшін Юм-Розери ережесін қолдану кейбір қиындықтарды көрсетеді, өйткені тор мен валенттіліктің бірдей түріне ие көптеген элементтерді таңдау қиын. Зерттеушілердің пікірінше, жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалардағы құрылымдардың қалыптасуын дұрыс болжауға мүмкіндік беретін жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалардың құрылымдық күйіне әсер ететін бірқатар параметрлер мен жағдайларды талдау нәтижелері сипатталған. Әдеби деректерді талдау көрсеткендей, қазіргі уақытта көп компонентті қорытпалар жүйелерінде құрылымдардың қалыптасуын дұрыс болжауға мүмкіндік беретін әмбебап параметр жоқ. Жоғары энтропиялық қорытпалардың ұнтақтарын дайындау әдістері ұсынылған. Лазерлік балқыту, магнетронды бүрку, электрохимиялық тұндыру және газ-термиялық бүрку сияқты жоғары энтропиялық қорытпаларға негізделген жабындарды алудың жиі қолданылатын әдістерінің нәтижелері қарастырылған. Осы әдістермен жабынды алу кезіндегі кемшіліктер сипатталған.

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